Photovoltaic Modeling Handbook.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- References -- 2 Fundamental Limits of Solar Energy Conversion -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The Carnot Efficiency - A Realistic Limit for PV Conversion? -- 2.3 Solar Cell Absorbers - Converting Heat into Chemical Energy -- 2.4 No Junction Required - The IV Curve of a Uniform Absorber -- 2.5 Limiting Efficiency Calculations -- 2.6 Real Solar Cell Structures -- 2.7 Beyond the Shockley Queisser Limit -- 2.8 Summary and Conclusions -- Acknowledgement -- References -- 3 Optical Modeling of Photovoltaic Modules with Ray Tracing Simulations -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 Terminology -- 3.2 Basics of Optical Ray Tracing Simulations -- 3.2.1 Ray Optics -- 3.2.1.1 Basic Assumptions -- 3.2.1.2 Absorption of Light -- 3.2.1.3 Refraction of Light at Interfaces -- 3.2.1.4 Modeling of Thin Films -- 3.2.2 Ray Tracing -- 3.2.3 Monte-Carlo Particle Tracing -- 3.2.4 Statistical Uncertainty of Monte-Carlo Results -- 3.2.5 Generating Random Numbers with Non-Uniform Distributions -- 3.3 Modeling Illumination -- 3.3.1 Basic Light Sources -- 3.3.2 Modeling Realistic Illumination Conditions -- 3.3.2.1 Preprocessing of Irradiance Data -- 3.3.2.2 Implementation for Ray Tracing -- 3.3.2.3 Application Example -- 3.4 Specific Issues for Ray Tracing of Photovoltaic Modules -- 3.4.1 Geometries and Symmetries in PV Devices -- 3.4.2 Multi-Domain Approach -- 3.4.2.1 Module Domain -- 3.4.2.2 Front Finger Domain -- 3.4.2.3 Front Texture Domain -- 3.4.2.4 Rear Side Domains -- 3.4.3 Post Processing of Simulation Results -- 3.4.4 Ray Tracing Application Examples -- 3.4.4.1 Validation of Simulation Results -- 3.4.4.2 Optical Loss Analysis: From Cell to Module -- 3.4.4.3 Bifacial Solar Cells and Modules -- 3.5 From Optics to Power Output.

3.5.1 Calculation Chain: From Ray Tracing to Module Power Output -- 3.5.1.1 Inclusion of the Irradiation Spectrum -- 3.5.1.2 Calculation of Module Output Power -- 3.5.1.3 Outlook: Energy Yield Calculation -- 3.5.2 Application Examples -- 3.5.2.1 Calculation of Short Circuit Current and Power Output -- 3.5.2.2 Current Loss Analysis: Standard Testing Conditions vs. Field Conditions -- 3.6 Overview of Optical Simulation Tools for PV Devices -- 3.6.1 Analysis of Solar Cells -- 3.6.2 Analysis of PV Modules and Their Surrounding -- 3.6.3 Further Tools Which Are not Publicly Available -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 4 Optical Modelling and Simulations of Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cells -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Approaches of Optical Modelling -- 4.2.1 One-Dimensional Optical Modelling -- 4.2.2 Two- and Three-Dimensional Rigorous Optical Modelling -- 4.2.3 Challenges in Optical Modelling -- 4.3 Selected Methods and Approaches -- 4.3.1 Finite Element Method -- 4.3.2 Coupled Modelling Approach -- 4.4 Examples of Optical Modelling and Simulations -- 4.4.1 Texture Optimization Applying Spatial Fourier Analysis -- 4.4.2 Model of Non-Conformal Layer Growth -- 4.4.3 Optical Simulations of Tandem Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cell -- 4.5 The Role of Illumination Spectrum -- 4.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- 5 Modelling of Organic Photovoltaics -- 5.1 Introduction to Organic Photovoltaics -- 5.2 Performance of Organic Photovoltaics -- 5.3 Charge Transport in Organic Semiconductors -- 5.4 Energetic Disorder in Organic Semiconductors -- 5.5 Morphology of Organic Materials -- 5.6 Considerations for Photovoltaics -- 5.6.1 Excitons in Organic Semiconductors -- 5.6.2 Optical Absorption in Organic Photovoltaics -- 5.6.3 Carrier Harvesting in Organic Photovoltaics -- 5.7 Simulation Methods of Organic Photovoltaics.

5.7.1 Lattice Morphologies and Device Geometry -- 5.7.2 Gaussian Disorder Model -- 5.7.3 Kinetic Monte Carlo Methods -- 5.7.4 Electrostatic Interactions -- 5.7.5 Neighbour Lists -- 5.8 Considerations When Modelling Organic Photovoltaics -- 5.8.1 The Next Steps for OPV Modelling -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 6 Modeling the Device Physics of Chalcogenide Thin Film Solar Cells -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Kosyachenko's Approach: Carrier Transport -- 6.3 Demtsu-Sites Approach: Double-Diode Model -- 6.4 Kosyachenko's Approach: Optical Loss Modeling -- 6.5 Karpov's Approach -- 6.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 7 Temperature and Irradiance Dependent Efficiency Model for GaInP-GaInAs-Ge Multijunction Solar Cells -- 7.1 Motivation -- 7.2 Efficiency Model -- 7.3 Results and Discussion -- 7.4 Conclusions -- 7.5 Acknowledgments -- References -- Appendix: Shockley-Queisser-Modell Calculations -- 8 Variation of Output with Environmental Factors -- 8.1 Conversion Efficiency and Standard Test Conditions (STC) -- 8.2 Variation of I-V curve with Each Environmental Factor -- 8.2.1 Irradiance -- 8.2.2 Cell Temperature -- 8.2.3 Spectral Response -- 8.3 Example of Measurement of Spectral Distribution of Solar Radiation -- 8.3.1 Example of Changes with Weather -- 8.3.2 Spectral Variation with Season -- 8.3.3 Effect of Variation in Spectral Solar Radiation -- 8.4 Irradiance -- 8.5 Effects on Performance of PV Modules/Cells -- 8.5.1 System Configurations and Measurements -- 8.5.2 Evaluation Methods -- 8.5.2.1 Performance Ratio -- 8.5.2.2 Effective Array Peak Power of PV Systems -- 8.5.3 Measurement Results -- 8.5.3.1 Performance Ratios -- 8.5.3.2 Degradation Rates -- 8.6 Cell Temperature -- 8.6.1 Output Energy by Temperature Coefficient -- 8.6.2 Output Energy with Different Installation Method -- 8.7 Results for Concentrated Photovoltaics.

8.7.1 Introduction -- 8.7.2 Field Test of a CPV Module -- 8.7.3 Decline of Efficiency of the Early-Type CPV Module -- 8.7.4 Influences of the Degradation -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 9 Modeling of Indoor Photovoltaic Devices -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.1.1 Brief History of IPV -- 9.1.2 Characteristics of IPV Modeling -- 9.2 Indoor Radiation -- 9.2.1 Modeling Indoor Spectral Irradiance -- 9.3 Maximum Efficiencies -- 9.3.1 Intensity Effects -- 9.4 Demonstrated Efficiencies and Further Optimization -- 9.5 Characterization and Measured Efficiencies -- 9.5.1 Irradiance Measurements -- 9.6 Outlook -- 9.7 Acknowledgement -- References -- 10 Modelling Hysteresis in Perovskite Solar Cells -- 10.1 Introduction to Perovskite Solar Cells -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Index -- EULA.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.