Techniques for Virtual Palaeontology.

Intro -- TECHNIQUES FOR VIRTUAL PALAEONTOLOGY -- Copyright -- Content -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Introduction and History -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Historical Development -- 1.2.1 Physical-Optical Tomography in the 20th Century -- 1.2.2 The CT Revolution -- 1.2.3 Modern Physical-Optical Tomography -- 1.2.4 Other Modern Tomographic Techniques -- 1.2.5 Surface-Based Techniques -- 1.2.6 Historical Summary -- References -- Further Reading/Resources -- 2 Destructive Tomography -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Physical-Optical Tomography -- 2.2.1 Approaches to Surface Exposure -- 2.2.2 Approaches to Imaging -- 2.2.3 Other Considerations for Methodology -- 2.2.4 Case Studies of Methodology -- 2.3 Focused Ion Beam Tomography -- 2.3.1 History -- 2.3.2 Principles and Practicalities -- 2.3.3 Examples in Palaeontology -- 2.3.4 Summary -- References -- Further Reading/Resources -- 3 Non-Destructive Tomography -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 X-Ray Computed Tomography -- 3.2.1 Introduction to CT -- 3.2.2 History -- 3.2.3 X-Rays and Matter -- 3.2.4 X-Ray Microtomography -- 3.2.5 Medical Scanners -- 3.2.6 Lab-Based Nanotomography (Nano- CT) -- 3.2.7 Synchrotron Tomography -- 3.2.8 Tomographic Reconstruction -- 3.2.9 Artefacts -- 3.2.10 Phase-Contrast Tomography -- 3.2.11 Scanning Considerations -- 3.2.12 The Future: Three-Dimensional Elemental Mapping -- 3.2.13 Case Studies of Methodology -- 3.3 Neutron Tomography -- 3.3.1 History -- 3.3.2 Principles and Practicalities -- 3.3.3 Examples in Palaeontology -- 3.3.4 Summary -- 3.4 Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- 3.4.1 History -- 3.4.2 Principles and Practicalities -- 3.4.3 Examples in Palaeontology -- 3.4.4 Summary -- 3.5 Optical Tomography: Serial Focusing -- 3.5.1 History -- 3.5.2 Principles and Practicalities -- 3.5.3 Examples in Palaeontology -- 3.5.4 Other Approaches -- 3.5.5 Summary -- References -- Further Reading/Resources.

4 Surface-Based Methods -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Laser Scanning -- 4.2.1 History -- 4.2.2 Principles and Practicalities -- 4.2.3 Case Studies of Methodology -- 4.3 Photogrammetry -- 4.3.1 History -- 4.3.2 Principles and Practicalities -- 4.3.3 Case Study of Methodology -- 4.4 Mechanical Digitization -- References -- Further Reading/Resources -- 5 Digital Visualization -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Reconstructing Tomographic Data -- 5.2.1 Registered Tomographic Datasets -- 5.2.2 Registration -- 5.2.3 Vector Surfacing -- 5.2.4 Volume Reconstructions -- 5.3 Reconstructing Surface Data -- 5.4 Visualization Methodologies -- 5.4.1 Introduction -- 5.4.2 Visualizing Triangle Meshes -- 5.4.3 Direct Volume Rendering -- 5.4.4 Direct Point-Cloud Rendering -- 5.5 Software and Formats -- 5.5.1 Reconstruction and Visualization Software -- 5.5.2 Data Formats and File Formats -- 5.6 Case Studies -- 5.6.1 The Herefordshire Lagerstätte (Isosurfacing -- SPIERS -- Physical-Optical) -- 5.6.2 Caecilian Amphibians (Isosurfacing -- Amira -- Synchrotron CT) -- 5.6.3 Neoproterozoic Problematica (Vector Surfacing -- Scripting -- Physical-Optical) -- References -- Further Reading/Resources -- 6 Applications beyond Visualization -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Geometric Morphometrics -- 6.3 Dental Microwear Texture Analysis -- 6.4 Biomechanical Modelling -- 6.4.1 Finite-Element Analysis -- 6.4.2 Multibody Dynamics Analysis -- 6.4.3 Body-Size Estimation -- 6.4.4 Computational Fluid Dynamics -- References -- Further Reading/Resources -- 7 Summary -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Summary of Data-Capture Methodologies -- 7.3 Recommendations for Method Selection -- 7.4 Developments and Trends -- 7.5 Concluding Remarks -- Glossary -- Index.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.