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Environmental and Energy Law.

By: Material type: TextTextSeries: New York Academy of Sciences SeriesPublisher: Newark : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, 2012Copyright date: ©2012Edition: 1st edDescription: 1 online resource (677 pages)Content type:
  • text
Media type:
  • computer
Carrier type:
  • online resource
ISBN:
  • 9781118257340
Subject(s): Genre/Form: Additional physical formats: Print version:: Environmental and Energy LawDDC classification:
  • 344.04/6
LOC classification:
  • K3981 .E58 2012
Online resources:
Contents:
Environmental and Energy Law -- Contents -- Notes on the Contributors -- Preface -- List of Abbreviations -- PART ONE: INTRODUCTION -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 OVERVIEW AND AIMS OF ENVIRONMENTAL &amp -- ENERGY LAW -- 1.1.1 The scope of the book -- 1.1.2 Readership -- 1.1.3 Approaches to learning -- 1.2 THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN SCIENCE AND LAW AND POLICY MAKING -- 1.2.1 The law- and policy-making practice and the influence of science -- 1.2.2 The precautionary principle -- 1.2.3 Law and policy as drivers for innovation -- 1.2.4 The interplay between law and science - the way forward -- 1.2.5 Why is environmental law also relevant to engineers and technical scientists? -- 1.3 INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL LAW -- 1.3.1 What is environmental law? -- 1.3.2 Environmental law's relationship with other areas of regulation -- 1.3.3 Sustainable development and the law -- 1.3.4 An overview of international environmental law: history, key principles and themes -- 1.3.5 European Union environmental law -- 1.3.6 UK environmental law -- 1.4 KEY CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING -- CASE STUDIES -- Follow-up information -- Questions and activities -- PART TWO: INNOVATION, SUSTAINABILITY AND THE LAW -- 2 Sustainable Development and Best Available Techniques in International and European Law -- 2.1 INTRODUCTION -- 2.2 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT -- 2.2.1 Emergence of the notion of sustainable development -- 2.2.2 Elements of the notion of sustainable development -- 2.2.3 The legal nature of sustainable development -- 2.3 BEST AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES -- 2.3.1 Introduction -- 2.3.2 BAT as a 'generic term' -- 2.3.3 BAT in HELCOM -- 2.3.4 BAT in OSPAR -- 2.3.5 BAT in the 2010 Directive on industrial emissions (2010/75/EU IED) -- 2.4 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- TREATIES -- EU DIRECTIVES -- INTERNATIONAL AND EU DOCUMENTS -- CASE LAW.
3 Environmental Regulation, Business Competitiveness and Corporate Responsibility -- 3.1 INTRODUCTION: RATIONALES FOR BUSINESS TO ADDRESS ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES -- 3.2 PORTER'S HYPOTHESIS ON THE ENVIRONMENTCOMPETITIVENESS RELATIONSHIP -- 3.3 WHAT TYPE OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION TO STIMULATE INNOVATION? -- 3.4 ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION AND BUSINESS LOCATION -- 3.5 ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION OR VOLUNTARY ACTION? -- 3.6 CONCLUSION -- 3.7 SUMMARY -- BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES -- 4 A Legal Framework for Clean Technology Transfer and Finance -- 4.1 INTRODUCTION -- 4.2 OVERVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL MECHANISMS TO PROMOTE INNOVATION -- 4.2.1 Fossil fuel subsidies -- 4.2.2 Import tariffs -- 4.2.3 Regulatory measures to promote innovation -- 4.2.4 Technology transfer under multilateral environmental agreements -- 4.2.5 Intellectual property issues -- 4.3 CONCLUSIONS -- BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES -- 5 Technology Innovation and the Law - the Example of Climate Adaptation Technologies -- 5.1 INTRODUCTION -- 5.2 OVERVIEW OF THE LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORKS FOR ADAPTATION AT THE INTERNATIONAL AND EU LEVELS -- 5.2.1 EU adaptation policies and strategies -- 5.2.2 International adaptation policies and strategies -- 5.2.3 Differentiating between climate change adaptation and development aid -- 5.3 ADAPTATION TECHNOLOGIES -- 5.3.1 Technology transfer of adaptation technologies -- 5.3.2 Case study: agricultural technologies -- 5.4 POTENTIAL INTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC BARRIERS TO ADAPTATION -- 5.4.1 R&amp -- D FOR ADAPTATION -- 5.4.2 International trade policies -- import tariffs and subsidies -- 5.4.3 Intellectual property rights and trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights -- 5.5 GEOENGINEERING -- 5.6 PROPOSALS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- 5.7 CONCLUSION -- BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES -- Questions and activities.
PART THREE: SUSTAINABLE ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE LAW -- 6 Sustainable Energy Law and Policy -- 6.1 INTRODUCTION -- 6.1.1 The importance of energy -- 6.1.2 Energy as a key sector for carbon emissions reduction -- 6.1.3 Growth in fossil energy use and supply concerns -- 6.2 EU REGULATORY CONTEXT -- 6.2.1 Origins of EU energy policy and law -- 6.2.2 Recent policy/strategy activity -- 6.2.3 Technology development -- 6.2.4 Energy efficiency -- 6.2.5 Renewables -- 6.2.6 Conclusions -- 6.3 UK REGULATORY CONTEXT -- 6.3.1 Key UK energy challenges -- 6.3.2 Institutions involved in energy policy and regulation -- 6.3.3 Energy efficiency -- 6.3.4 Renewables -- 6.3.5 Conclusions -- 6.4 SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 7 International and EU Climate Change Law -- 7.1 INTRODUCTION -- 7.2 INTERNATIONAL REGULATORY CONTEXT -- 7.2.1 The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change -- 7.2.2 The Kyoto Protocol -- 7.2.3 UNFCCC and Kyoto finance mechanisms -- 7.2.4 Beyond Kyoto -- 7.2.5 Alternatives to the UN framework -- 7.2.6 International shipping and aviation -- 7.3 EU CLIMATE CHANGE LAW -- 7.3.1 The EU GHG emission reduction target under the Kyoto Protocol -- 7.3.2 The EU Emissions Trading Directive56 -- 7.4 CONCLUSION -- BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES -- 8 UK Climate Change Law and Policy -- 8.1 INTRODUCTION: OVERVIEW OF UK CLIMATE CHANGE GOALS AND GOVERNANCE -- 8.2 UK CLIMATE CHANGE PROGRAMME -- 8.3 THE UK EMISSIONS REDUCTION TARGETS -- 8.3.1 The Climate Change Act (2008) -- 8.3.2 Implementing the UK targets -- 8.3.3 Emissions trading - UK initiatives -- 8.3.4 Carbon taxation -- 8.4 THE UK NON-ENERGY INTENSIVE SECTOR -- 8.4.1 Horticulture assistance package -- 8.5 TRANSPORT -- 8.6 OTHER CLIMATE AND ENERGY REGULATORY INSTRUMENTS -- 8.6.1 Climate Change and Sustainable Energy Act 2006.
8.6.2 Combined heat and power - applications under Section 36 of Electricity Act 1989 -- 8.6.3 Non-Fossil Fuel Obligation -- 8.6.4 Renewables Obligation -- 8.6.5 Planning and building -- 8.6.6 EcoDesign for Energy-Using Products Regulations 2007 -- 8.6.7 Energy Act (2008) -- 8.6.8 Environmental Transformation Fund -- 8.6.9 Carbon Emissions Reduction target94 -- 8.6.10 UK regional initiatives -- 8.7 CONCLUSIONS -- BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES -- Questions and activities -- PART FOUR: EXPLORATION AND EXPLOITATION OF ENERGY RESOURCES -- 9 The Exploration and Exploitation of Energy Resources in International Law -- 9.1 INTRODUCTION: THE RIGHT TO PERMANENT SOVEREIGNTY OVER NATURAL RESOURCES -- 9.2 INTERNATIONAL LAW AND ENERGY RESOURCES -- 9.3 TYPES OF OWNERSHIP REGIMES IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRIES AND THE LICENSING SYSTEM -- 9.3.1 Private ownership of oil and gas -- 9.3.2 Public ownership of oil and gas -- 9.3.3 Steward regimes and indigenous peoples' rights to land -- 9.3.4 The 'global commons' and 'common heritage' -- 9.4 TYPES OF INVESTMENT AGREEMENTS IN THE ENERGY SECTOR -- 9.4.1 Concessions -- 9.4.2 'New' concessions -- 9.4.3 Production sharing agreements -- 9.4.4 Joint ventures -- 9.4.5 Risk service contracts -- 9.4.6 Conclusions on energy agreements -- 9.5 THE REGIME FOR EXPLORATION AND EXPLOITATION OF OFFSHORE ENERGY RESOURCES -- 9.5.1 Overview of the law of the sea -- 9.5.2 The legal regime of the continental shelf -- 9.5.3 The deep seabed (the 'area') -- 9.5.4 Marine pollution from continental shelf and deep seabed activities -- 9.6 CONCLUSIONS -- BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES -- 10 Occupational Health and Safety Law: the Oil and Gas Industry -- 10.1 INTRODUCTION -- 10.2 BACKGROUND TO MODERN HEALTH AND SAFETY LAW AND REGULATION -- 10.3 THE HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK, ETC. ACT 1974.
10.4 HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK IN THE OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY -- 10.5 LIMITATIONS OF GOAL-SETTING AND SAFETY CASES? -- 10.6 THE CORPORATE MANSLAUGHTER AND CORPORATE HOMICIDE ACT 2007 -- 10.7 THE HEALTH AND SAFETY (OFFENCES) ACT 2008 -- 10.8 POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF THE DEEPWATER HORIZON ACCIDENT ON UK OFFSHORE SAFETY REGULATION -- 10.9 CONCLUSION -- 10.10 SUMMARY -- 11 Energy Agreements - Force Majeure and Hardship Clauses -- 11.1 INTRODUCTION -- 11.2 STANDARDCONTRACTUALMECHANISMTOADJUSTENERGY CONTRACTS TO EVOLVING CIRCUMSTANCES -- 11.3 EXTREME MEASURES TO EXTREME CIRCUMSTANCES: HARDSHIP AND FORCE MAJEURE RELIEFS -- 11.3.1 The predictable and unpredictable circumstances -- the controlled and uncontrollable circumstances -- 11.3.2 Hardship -- 11.3.3 Notion and conditions -- 11.3.4 Effects -- 11.3.5 Notion and conditions -- 11.3.6 Effects -- 11.4 ASSESSMENT AND PRACTICAL ADVICE -- 11.5 CONCLUSION -- Questions and activities -- PART FIVE: CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND THE CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM -- 12 Carbon Capture and Storage Technologies - An Overview and Some Key Issues -- 12.1 CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE TECHNOLOGY -- 12.1.1 Emergence of carbon capture and storage -- 12.1.2 Overview of carbon capture and storage systems -- 12.2 REDUCING CO2 EMISSIONS USING CCS -- 12.2.1 What reduction in carbon dioxide emissions does a CCS plant offer? -- 12.2.2 The need for wide-scale deployment -- 12.3 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND CO-OPERATION -- 12.4 COMPARISON WITH RENEWABLE ENERGIES -- 12.4.1 Biomass with CCS: negative carbon emissions -- 12.5 CAPTURE -- 12.5.1 Capture options -- 12.6 ISSUES IN TRANSPORT -- 12.6.1 Transport options -- 12.7 ISSUES IN STORAGE -- 12.7.1 Options for storage -- 12.8 CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 13 Carbon Capture and Storage Liability -- 13.1 INTRODUCTION -- 13.2 WHAT IS CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE -- 13.3 THE ISSUE OF LEAKAGE.
13.4 THE EU LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT FOR CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE.
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Environmental and Energy Law -- Contents -- Notes on the Contributors -- Preface -- List of Abbreviations -- PART ONE: INTRODUCTION -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 OVERVIEW AND AIMS OF ENVIRONMENTAL &amp -- ENERGY LAW -- 1.1.1 The scope of the book -- 1.1.2 Readership -- 1.1.3 Approaches to learning -- 1.2 THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN SCIENCE AND LAW AND POLICY MAKING -- 1.2.1 The law- and policy-making practice and the influence of science -- 1.2.2 The precautionary principle -- 1.2.3 Law and policy as drivers for innovation -- 1.2.4 The interplay between law and science - the way forward -- 1.2.5 Why is environmental law also relevant to engineers and technical scientists? -- 1.3 INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL LAW -- 1.3.1 What is environmental law? -- 1.3.2 Environmental law's relationship with other areas of regulation -- 1.3.3 Sustainable development and the law -- 1.3.4 An overview of international environmental law: history, key principles and themes -- 1.3.5 European Union environmental law -- 1.3.6 UK environmental law -- 1.4 KEY CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING -- CASE STUDIES -- Follow-up information -- Questions and activities -- PART TWO: INNOVATION, SUSTAINABILITY AND THE LAW -- 2 Sustainable Development and Best Available Techniques in International and European Law -- 2.1 INTRODUCTION -- 2.2 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT -- 2.2.1 Emergence of the notion of sustainable development -- 2.2.2 Elements of the notion of sustainable development -- 2.2.3 The legal nature of sustainable development -- 2.3 BEST AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES -- 2.3.1 Introduction -- 2.3.2 BAT as a 'generic term' -- 2.3.3 BAT in HELCOM -- 2.3.4 BAT in OSPAR -- 2.3.5 BAT in the 2010 Directive on industrial emissions (2010/75/EU IED) -- 2.4 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- TREATIES -- EU DIRECTIVES -- INTERNATIONAL AND EU DOCUMENTS -- CASE LAW.

3 Environmental Regulation, Business Competitiveness and Corporate Responsibility -- 3.1 INTRODUCTION: RATIONALES FOR BUSINESS TO ADDRESS ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES -- 3.2 PORTER'S HYPOTHESIS ON THE ENVIRONMENTCOMPETITIVENESS RELATIONSHIP -- 3.3 WHAT TYPE OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION TO STIMULATE INNOVATION? -- 3.4 ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION AND BUSINESS LOCATION -- 3.5 ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION OR VOLUNTARY ACTION? -- 3.6 CONCLUSION -- 3.7 SUMMARY -- BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES -- 4 A Legal Framework for Clean Technology Transfer and Finance -- 4.1 INTRODUCTION -- 4.2 OVERVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL MECHANISMS TO PROMOTE INNOVATION -- 4.2.1 Fossil fuel subsidies -- 4.2.2 Import tariffs -- 4.2.3 Regulatory measures to promote innovation -- 4.2.4 Technology transfer under multilateral environmental agreements -- 4.2.5 Intellectual property issues -- 4.3 CONCLUSIONS -- BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES -- 5 Technology Innovation and the Law - the Example of Climate Adaptation Technologies -- 5.1 INTRODUCTION -- 5.2 OVERVIEW OF THE LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORKS FOR ADAPTATION AT THE INTERNATIONAL AND EU LEVELS -- 5.2.1 EU adaptation policies and strategies -- 5.2.2 International adaptation policies and strategies -- 5.2.3 Differentiating between climate change adaptation and development aid -- 5.3 ADAPTATION TECHNOLOGIES -- 5.3.1 Technology transfer of adaptation technologies -- 5.3.2 Case study: agricultural technologies -- 5.4 POTENTIAL INTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC BARRIERS TO ADAPTATION -- 5.4.1 R&amp -- D FOR ADAPTATION -- 5.4.2 International trade policies -- import tariffs and subsidies -- 5.4.3 Intellectual property rights and trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights -- 5.5 GEOENGINEERING -- 5.6 PROPOSALS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- 5.7 CONCLUSION -- BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES -- Questions and activities.

PART THREE: SUSTAINABLE ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE LAW -- 6 Sustainable Energy Law and Policy -- 6.1 INTRODUCTION -- 6.1.1 The importance of energy -- 6.1.2 Energy as a key sector for carbon emissions reduction -- 6.1.3 Growth in fossil energy use and supply concerns -- 6.2 EU REGULATORY CONTEXT -- 6.2.1 Origins of EU energy policy and law -- 6.2.2 Recent policy/strategy activity -- 6.2.3 Technology development -- 6.2.4 Energy efficiency -- 6.2.5 Renewables -- 6.2.6 Conclusions -- 6.3 UK REGULATORY CONTEXT -- 6.3.1 Key UK energy challenges -- 6.3.2 Institutions involved in energy policy and regulation -- 6.3.3 Energy efficiency -- 6.3.4 Renewables -- 6.3.5 Conclusions -- 6.4 SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 7 International and EU Climate Change Law -- 7.1 INTRODUCTION -- 7.2 INTERNATIONAL REGULATORY CONTEXT -- 7.2.1 The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change -- 7.2.2 The Kyoto Protocol -- 7.2.3 UNFCCC and Kyoto finance mechanisms -- 7.2.4 Beyond Kyoto -- 7.2.5 Alternatives to the UN framework -- 7.2.6 International shipping and aviation -- 7.3 EU CLIMATE CHANGE LAW -- 7.3.1 The EU GHG emission reduction target under the Kyoto Protocol -- 7.3.2 The EU Emissions Trading Directive56 -- 7.4 CONCLUSION -- BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES -- 8 UK Climate Change Law and Policy -- 8.1 INTRODUCTION: OVERVIEW OF UK CLIMATE CHANGE GOALS AND GOVERNANCE -- 8.2 UK CLIMATE CHANGE PROGRAMME -- 8.3 THE UK EMISSIONS REDUCTION TARGETS -- 8.3.1 The Climate Change Act (2008) -- 8.3.2 Implementing the UK targets -- 8.3.3 Emissions trading - UK initiatives -- 8.3.4 Carbon taxation -- 8.4 THE UK NON-ENERGY INTENSIVE SECTOR -- 8.4.1 Horticulture assistance package -- 8.5 TRANSPORT -- 8.6 OTHER CLIMATE AND ENERGY REGULATORY INSTRUMENTS -- 8.6.1 Climate Change and Sustainable Energy Act 2006.

8.6.2 Combined heat and power - applications under Section 36 of Electricity Act 1989 -- 8.6.3 Non-Fossil Fuel Obligation -- 8.6.4 Renewables Obligation -- 8.6.5 Planning and building -- 8.6.6 EcoDesign for Energy-Using Products Regulations 2007 -- 8.6.7 Energy Act (2008) -- 8.6.8 Environmental Transformation Fund -- 8.6.9 Carbon Emissions Reduction target94 -- 8.6.10 UK regional initiatives -- 8.7 CONCLUSIONS -- BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES -- Questions and activities -- PART FOUR: EXPLORATION AND EXPLOITATION OF ENERGY RESOURCES -- 9 The Exploration and Exploitation of Energy Resources in International Law -- 9.1 INTRODUCTION: THE RIGHT TO PERMANENT SOVEREIGNTY OVER NATURAL RESOURCES -- 9.2 INTERNATIONAL LAW AND ENERGY RESOURCES -- 9.3 TYPES OF OWNERSHIP REGIMES IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRIES AND THE LICENSING SYSTEM -- 9.3.1 Private ownership of oil and gas -- 9.3.2 Public ownership of oil and gas -- 9.3.3 Steward regimes and indigenous peoples' rights to land -- 9.3.4 The 'global commons' and 'common heritage' -- 9.4 TYPES OF INVESTMENT AGREEMENTS IN THE ENERGY SECTOR -- 9.4.1 Concessions -- 9.4.2 'New' concessions -- 9.4.3 Production sharing agreements -- 9.4.4 Joint ventures -- 9.4.5 Risk service contracts -- 9.4.6 Conclusions on energy agreements -- 9.5 THE REGIME FOR EXPLORATION AND EXPLOITATION OF OFFSHORE ENERGY RESOURCES -- 9.5.1 Overview of the law of the sea -- 9.5.2 The legal regime of the continental shelf -- 9.5.3 The deep seabed (the 'area') -- 9.5.4 Marine pollution from continental shelf and deep seabed activities -- 9.6 CONCLUSIONS -- BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES -- 10 Occupational Health and Safety Law: the Oil and Gas Industry -- 10.1 INTRODUCTION -- 10.2 BACKGROUND TO MODERN HEALTH AND SAFETY LAW AND REGULATION -- 10.3 THE HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK, ETC. ACT 1974.

10.4 HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK IN THE OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY -- 10.5 LIMITATIONS OF GOAL-SETTING AND SAFETY CASES? -- 10.6 THE CORPORATE MANSLAUGHTER AND CORPORATE HOMICIDE ACT 2007 -- 10.7 THE HEALTH AND SAFETY (OFFENCES) ACT 2008 -- 10.8 POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF THE DEEPWATER HORIZON ACCIDENT ON UK OFFSHORE SAFETY REGULATION -- 10.9 CONCLUSION -- 10.10 SUMMARY -- 11 Energy Agreements - Force Majeure and Hardship Clauses -- 11.1 INTRODUCTION -- 11.2 STANDARDCONTRACTUALMECHANISMTOADJUSTENERGY CONTRACTS TO EVOLVING CIRCUMSTANCES -- 11.3 EXTREME MEASURES TO EXTREME CIRCUMSTANCES: HARDSHIP AND FORCE MAJEURE RELIEFS -- 11.3.1 The predictable and unpredictable circumstances -- the controlled and uncontrollable circumstances -- 11.3.2 Hardship -- 11.3.3 Notion and conditions -- 11.3.4 Effects -- 11.3.5 Notion and conditions -- 11.3.6 Effects -- 11.4 ASSESSMENT AND PRACTICAL ADVICE -- 11.5 CONCLUSION -- Questions and activities -- PART FIVE: CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND THE CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM -- 12 Carbon Capture and Storage Technologies - An Overview and Some Key Issues -- 12.1 CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE TECHNOLOGY -- 12.1.1 Emergence of carbon capture and storage -- 12.1.2 Overview of carbon capture and storage systems -- 12.2 REDUCING CO2 EMISSIONS USING CCS -- 12.2.1 What reduction in carbon dioxide emissions does a CCS plant offer? -- 12.2.2 The need for wide-scale deployment -- 12.3 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND CO-OPERATION -- 12.4 COMPARISON WITH RENEWABLE ENERGIES -- 12.4.1 Biomass with CCS: negative carbon emissions -- 12.5 CAPTURE -- 12.5.1 Capture options -- 12.6 ISSUES IN TRANSPORT -- 12.6.1 Transport options -- 12.7 ISSUES IN STORAGE -- 12.7.1 Options for storage -- 12.8 CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 13 Carbon Capture and Storage Liability -- 13.1 INTRODUCTION -- 13.2 WHAT IS CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE -- 13.3 THE ISSUE OF LEAKAGE.

13.4 THE EU LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT FOR CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.

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