A New Global Economic Order : New Challenges to International Trade Law.

Half Title -- Series Information -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- Abbreviations -- Notes on Contributors -- Table of Cases -- Table of International Treaties and Other Instruments -- Part 1 The Global Economic Order in Evolution -- Chapter 1 The Evolution of the International Economic Order -- i Introduction -- ii In Antiquity -- iii The Middle Ages -- 1 The Early Middle Ages -- 2 The High Middle Ages -- 3 The Late Middle Ages -- iv The Sixteenth Century -- v The Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries -- vi The Nineteenth Century -- vii The Period of the League of Nations (1920-1946) -- viii A New Multilateral Economic Order under the Framework of the United Nations -- ix The Formulation of a Global Economic Legal Order under the World Trade Organization (wto) and Other International Economic Institutions -- x The Regional Economic Legal Order within the Global Economic Legal Order -- xi Bilateral Economic and Trade Agreements within the Global Economic Legal Order -- xii The Struggle for the Global Economic Legal Order -- xiii How to Re-establish a New Global Economic Legal Order -- 1 Strengthen the Fundamental Principle of Co-operation of International Law -- 2 Revive the Legal Status of Principles of Justice, Morality, Equity, and Good Faith -- 3 Reduce the Wider Implications of Ideological Propaganda against the Global Economic Order -- 4 Accept the New Concept of 'Limited Sovereignty' -- 5 Revitalize the Customary Principles of Multilateral Trading Mechanisms -- 6 Reform the wto Legal Order -- 7 Negotiate the Ideological Differences between the U.S. and China in Order to Remove Hurdles to Global Economic Development -- 8 Biden Administration's New Foreign Policy and Strategy for the Global Economic Order -- xiv Conclusion.

Chapter 2 The wto Legal and Dispute Settlements Systems in Time of Global Governance Crises -- i Global Governance Crises, Governance Failures and 'Perspectivism' -- 1 Legal Perspectivism and Bounded Rationality Require Constitutional Restraints -- 2 Intergovernmental Power Politics Must Be Constrained by Constitutionalism -- ii Neo-liberal, State-capitalist and Ordo-liberal Economic Rivalries -- 1 Neo-liberal 'Capture' of Business-driven Trade and Economic Policies -- 2 The Rise of State-capitalism Distorting International Markets -- 3 European Ordoliberal Economic Constitutionalism -- iii The Illegal US Assault on the wto Dispute Settlement System: Neo-liberalism vs Ordo-liberalism and State-capitalism -- 1 Neo-liberalism vs Ordo-liberalism: The Biased US Assault on the Appellate Body -- 2 How Should wto Members Respond? -- iv The Psychology of Multilevel Governance of Public Goods: Need for Constitutional Restraints -- 1 The 2013 Lecture of ab Member T. Graham -- 2 Why Did Graham Contradict His 2013 Lecture in His 2020 Speech at Washington? -- 3 Institutionalization of 'Public Reason' and Constitutional Restraints Matter -- v Need for Collective wto Responses to Global Emergencies Like Health Pandemics and Climate Change -- 1 Inadequate wto Provisions for Multilevel Governance of Public Goods -- 2 Time for Collective wto Responses to Global Environmental and Health Emergencies -- vi Conclusion: Need for Promoting 'Plurilateral' and Regional Agreements -- Part 2 The Global Economic Order in Challenges -- Chapter 3 The Use and Abuse of the National Security Exception under Article xxi(b)(iii) of the gatt 1994 -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 National Security Exceptions in International Trade Agreements -- 1.1.1 From Self-restraint to Proliferation of Use -- 1.2 Abuse of National Security Exceptions and Its Impact on the Global Trading System.

2 The Role of wto Dispute Settlement -- 2.1 Order of Analysis -- 2.2 The Terms of Article xxi(b)(iii) and Their Context -- 2.3 Object and Purpose of the gatt 1994 and the wto Agreement -- 2.4 Subsequent Practice -- 2.5 Negotiating History -- 3 The Requirements of Article xxi(b)(iii) of the gatt 1994 -- 3.1 Article xxi(b)(iii) -- 3.2 Chapeau of Art xxi(b) -- 3.2.1 'Essential Security Interests' -- 3.2.2 `Measures Necessary for the Protection' -- 4 Conclusions -- Bibliography -- Chapter 4 Subsidies and soes: Specific vs. Systemic Spillovers -- Introduction -- 1 wto Rules to Address Subsidy Policy Spillovers -- 2 Elements of wto+ Subsidy Regimes -- 3 Good Practices and Economic Policy Principles -- 3.1 Identify Shared Objectives and Mutual Gains -- 3.2 Competitive Neutrality and Nondiscrimination -- 3.3 Evidence and Evaluation -- 4 Moving Forward Incrementally -- 4.1 Building an Epistemic Community -- 4.2 Preparing the Ground -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5 Technology Governance in a Devolved Global Legal Order: Lessons from the China-USA Strategic Conflict -- i Introduction -- ii Technology and Development -- A China -- i Historical Factors -- ii Later Day China -- iii China and the Limits of Technology Transfer -- iv Legal Aspects -- A History -- B Licensing -- C "Forced" Technology Transfer -- v Transfer of Technology Policy -- D Cyber-piracy -- E Industrial Policy -- iii The US-China Economic and Trade Agreement -- A China's Substantive Obligations -- B Non-Judicial Dispute Settlement -- iv Some Conclusions -- A Legal Rules and Diplomacy -- B Enter the Biden Administration -- Part 3 The Struggle for the Global Economic Order -- Chapter 6 The Struggle for International Economic Law -- i The Present Crisis -- 1 A Return to Unilateralism: Section 301 -- 2 Broad Conceptions of National Security -- 3 The wto Appellate Body.

4 Unstable Preferential Trade Agreements -- ii The Trump Administration's Trade Policy -- A Bilateral, Negotiation-based Trade Relationship -- B Trade Deficits and Surpluses -- C National Security Rationales in Trade and Investment -- D Nostalgia -- iii The Current Course and Future Paths -- iv Conclusion -- Chapter 7 How to Re-Establish a New Global Economic Legal Order? -- i A Global Economic Legal Order - Or Disorder -- A The Notion of Global Economic Legal Order -- B The Characters of the (Pre-?) Existing Economic Legal Order -- C Crisis or Collapse of the International Economic Order? -- ii What Can We Do? What Can Law Do? -- Part 4 The Future of the Global Economic Order -- Chapter 8 Regionalism in International Economic Relations -- Introduction -- 1 Change in the Policy of Japan Regarding the Regional fta s/epa s in 2002 -- (1) Japan's Respect for the Universal Mechanism Since the End of the Second World War -- (2) "Japan's fta Strategy" of 2002 -- (3) Development in Negotiations and Conclusion of Economic Agreements -- (4) Dispute Settlement Mechanism in Japan's bit s/mit s and fta s/epa s -- 2 Mechanism for the Settlement of the Investment Disputes between the Investor of one of the State Parties and the Other State Party -- (1) Basic Features of the isds Clauses in bit s before 2002 -- (a) Choice of the Forum for the Settlement of Investment Disputes -- (b) Reference to the Domestic Procedures12 of the Disputing State Party -- (2) isds Clauses in bit s/mit s Since 2002 and fta s/epa s -- (a) Domestic Procedures of the Disputing State Party in the isds Mechanism -- (i) Domestic Procedures as an Option to Settle an Investment Dispute -- (ii) Relationship between International and Domestic Procedures in the isds Mechanism -- (iii) Problems of Conflicting, Concurring, or Overlapping Jurisdictions of Domestic and International Procedures.

(b) Participation of the Non-disputing State Party in the Arbitral Proceedings -- (c) Difficulties in reaching the agreement regarding the isds clause -- 3 Mechanism for the Settlement of Disputes between the State Parties (ds Mechanism) -- (1) ds Clauses in Japan's bit s/mit s -- (2) ds Mechanism in Japan's fta s/epa s -- (3) Awards -- (a) Submission of a Draft Award or Interim Report to the Disputing State Parties -- (b) Mechanism to Ensure the Implementation of the Final Award -- (4) Rights of Non-disputing State Parties in Multilateral fta s/epa s -- 4 Relationship between the ds Mechanism in fta s/epa s and the Dispute Settlement Procedures in Accordance with Other Treaties, Including the dsu of the wto -- (1) ds Clauses in fta s/epa s and the wto -- (2) ds Mechanism and Other Procedures -- 5 Implementation of the Conventional Rules and the Prevention of Disputes through the Works of the Joint Committee -- (1) Joint Committee in bit s/mit s -- (2) Joint Committee in fta s/epa s -- 6 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 9 Precedent in Investment Arbitration: Is an Institutionalized Investment Court More Desirable? -- i Introduction -- ii Concept of Precedent -- A What Is Not Precedent -- B What Is Precedent -- iii Normative Value and Formation of Precedent in Institutionalized International Courts and Tribunals -- A Introduction -- B Creation of the Permanent Court of International Justice (pcij) -- C International Court of Justice -- D International Criminal Courts and Tribunals -- E World Trade Organization (wto) Dispute Settlement -- iv Normative Value and Formation of Precedent in Investment Arbitration -- A Normative Value -- B Formation of Precedent -- i Introduction -- ii Investment -- iii fet -- iv mfn -- v Summary -- C Possible Improvements -- v Conclusion -- Index.

A New Global Economic Order: New Challenges to International Trade Law examines the dislocating effects of the policies implemented by the Trump Administration on the global economic order and brings together leading scholars and practitioners of international economic law come together to defend multilateralism against unilateralism and populism.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.