Chemical Projects Scale Up : How to Go from Laboratory to Commercial.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Introduction -- 1 - Potential Problems With Scale-up -- Equipment Related -- Mode Related -- Theoretical Considerations -- Thermal Characteristics -- Safety Considerations -- Recycle Considerations -- Regulatory Requirements -- Project Focus Considerations -- Take Home Message -- 2 - Equipment Design Considerations -- Introduction -- Reactor Scale-up -- Laboratory Batch Reactor to Larger Batch Reactor (Pilot Plant or Commercial) -- Laboratory Batch Reactor to a Commercial Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor -- Laboratory Batch Reactor to a Commercial Tubular Reactor -- Laboratory Tubular Reactor to a Commercial Tubular Reactor -- Reactor Scale-up Example -- Problem 2-1 -- Summary of Considerations for Reactor Scale-up -- Supplier's Scale-ups -- Volatile Removal Scale-up -- Example Problem 2-2 -- Problem Statement -- Summary of Key Points for Scale-up of Volatiles Removal Equipment -- Other Scale-ups Using the Same Techniques -- Solid-Liquid Separation -- Example Problem 2-3 -- Problem Statement -- Given -- Pilot Plant Data -- Required Commercial Operating Needs -- Problem Approach -- Pilot Plant Calculations and Comments -- Commercial Calculations -- 3 - Developing Commercial Process Flow Sheets -- 4 - Thermal Characteristics for Reactor Scale-up -- 5 - Safety Considerations -- Use of New Chemicals -- Change in Delivery Mode for Chemicals -- Impact of a New Development on Shared Facilities -- Reaction By-Products That Might be Produced -- Storage and Shipping Considerations -- Step-Out Designs -- 6 - Recycle Considerations -- Why Have a Recycle System in a Pilot Plant? -- Impurity Buildup Considerations -- 7 - Supplier's Equipment Scale-up -- Agitator and Mixer Scale-up -- Indirect Heated Dryer -- Summary of Working With Suppliers of Specialty Equipment -- 8 - Sustainability.

Long-Term Changes in Existing Technology -- Long-Term Availability and Cost of Feeds and Catalysts -- Long-Term Availability and Cost of Utilities -- Disposition of Waste and By-Product Streams -- Operability and Maintainability of Process Facilities -- Summary -- 9 - Project Evaluation Using CAPEX and OPEX Inputs -- Introduction -- CAPEX and OPEX -- Project Timing and Early Design Calculations -- 10 - Emerging Technology Contingency (ETC) -- Application -- Contributors/Reviewers -- References -- 11 - Other Uses of Study Designs -- Identifying High Cost Parts of CAPEX and OPEX -- Identifying Areas Where Unusual or Special Equipment Is Required -- Identifying Areas for Future Development Work -- Identifying the Size-limiting Equipment -- Identifying Areas Where There Is a Need for Consultants -- Summary -- 12 - Scaling Up to Larger Commercial Sizes -- Summary -- 13 - Defining and Mitigating Risks -- Techniques for Definition and Mitigation of Risk -- Required Manpower Resources -- Reasonable Schedules -- Cooperative Team Spirit and Culture -- 14 - Typical Cases Studies -- Successful Case Studies -- Unsuccessful Case Studies -- Production of an Inorganic Catalyst -- Development of a New Polymerization Platform -- Utilization of a New and Improved Catalyst in a Gas Phase Polymerization Process -- Inadequate Reactor Scale-up -- Utilization of a New and Improved Stabilizer -- The Less Than Perfect Selection of a Diluent -- Epilogue: Final Words and Acknowledgments -- Index -- Back cover.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.