Business Dynamics and Productivity.

Intro -- Preface -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Table of contents -- Executive summary -- List of acronyms and abbreviations -- Chapter 1. Assessing the links between business dynamics and policy settings -- Introduction -- Going beyond the average firm paradigm -- Figure 1.1. Young firms have higher employment growth rates -- Figure 1.2. Average employment level by firm age -- Figure 1.3. Across countries the average start-up employs less than ten employees -- Figure 1.4. Most micro start-ups remain micro-firms five years after entry -- Organic versus non-organic growth -- The impact of the crisis on employment stocks, flows and business dynamics -- Figure 1.5. Job creation, job destruction and churning rate -- The role of sectors, ownership and trade status for job creation and destruction and business dynamics -- Business dynamics, reallocation and productivity -- References -- Chapter 2. Employment growth of establishments in the Brazilian economy: Results by age and size groups -- Introduction -- Data -- The plant employment dynamics over their life cycle -- Aggregate life cycle and decomposition results -- Figure 2.1. Average employment level by age of establishment -- Figure 2.2. Average employment level by age of establishment and size of establishment at birth -- Figure 2.3. Age effect on plant size using decomposition method -- Figure 2.4. Year and cohort effects on plant size using the decomposition method -- Figure 2.5. Age effect on plant size according to decomposition method: Results by establishment birth size -- The composition effect due to establishment deaths -- Figure 2.6. Average employment level by age of establishment: Surviving and closing plants -- Figure 2.7. Average employment level at birth and death by age of establishment at death -- Figure 2.8. Mortality rate by age of establishment.

Figure 2.9. Age effect in the relative number of plants according to decomposition method: Results by establishment birth size -- Figure 2.10. Average employment growth rate -- The "missing middle" and establishment size distribution in Brazil -- Figure 2.11. Unimodality and missing middle -- Figure 2.12. Distribution of establishment size by number of employees, 2013 -- Figure 2.13. Employment share by establishment size, 2013 -- Table 2.1. Actual minus predicted shares of the establishment size distribution for the whole formal sector for 2013 -- Table 2.2. Actual minus predicted shares of the establishment size distribution: Manufacturing sector, 2013 -- Table 2.3. Actual minus predicted employment shares for the whole formal sector for 2013 -- Table 2.4. Actual minus predicted employment shares for the manufacturing sector for 2013 -- Table 2.5. Actual minus predicted shares of establishment size and employment share distributions for the whole formal sector and the manufacturing sector for 2013 -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Annex 2.A1. Complementary data -- Figure 2.A1.1. Average employment level by age of establishment -- Annex 2.A2. Methodological details -- Chapter 3. The role of mergers and acquisitions in employment dynamics in Belgium -- Introduction -- Figure 3.1. Number and value of worldwide M&amp -- As and Standard and Poor's index -- Data section -- Figure 3.2. Number of completed acquisitions involving Belgian firms, European firms and worldwide -- Table 3.1. Top ten industries with the highest share of firms involved in a deal, 2001-14 -- Table 3.2. Share (% of total number of firms/employment) of target and acquiring firms, 2001-14 -- Table 3.3. Age distribution of target and acquirer in M&amp -- A deals involving Belgian firms in percentage, 1997-2015 -- Organic growth versus growth through acquisition.

Figure 3.3. Net job creation by firm age group in 18 countries, 2001-11 -- Figure 3.4. Net job creation by age group of Belgian firms not involved in M&amp -- As by percentage, 2002-13 -- Table 3.4. Net job creation (absolute values and as share of total employment) of Belgian firms by age and M&amp -- A status, 2002-14 -- Table 3.5. Belgian firms involved in acquisitions as a share of high-growth Belgian firms in percentage -- Employment effects of M&amp -- As -- Review of the literature -- Estimation framework -- Table 3.6. Status of Belgian target firms, 1997-2015 -- Estimation results -- Table 3.7. Employment growth of Belgian target firms, 2001-14 -- Table 3.8. Employment growth of Belgian target firms (not dissolved) by type of deal, 2001-14 -- Table 3.9. Employment growth of Belgian target firms before and after acquisition by age group -- Table 3.10. Employment growth of Belgian target firms before and after acquisition by Pavitt category -- Table 3.11. Employment growth of Belgian acquiring firms before and after acquisition, 2001-14 -- Table 3.12. Employment growth of Belgian acquiring firms before and after acquisition, 2001-14 -- The probability of acquisition -- Estimation framework -- Estimation results -- Table 3.13. Probability of a Belgian firm being acquired, 2006-14 -- Table 3.14. Probability of a Belgian firm acquiring another firm, 2006-14 -- Figure 3.5. Log odds for Belgian firms acquiring foreign firms by earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) rate and debt rate -- Figure 3.6. Log odds of acquisition by level of market concentration (HH index) -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 4. Firm and job dynamics in the United Kingdom before, during and after the global financial crisis: Getting in under the hood -- Context, motivation and approach -- Data sources and construction.

Accounting for continuing firms and their jobs -- Firms -- Jobs -- Jobs per firm -- The facts of firm and job dynamics, 1998-2014 -- Births -- Figure 4.1. Births: firms (thousand) and jobs per firm (jperf) -- Figure 4.2. Births: firms and jobs (thousand) -- Deaths -- Figure 4.3. Deaths: firms (thousand) and jobs per firm (jperf) -- Figure 4.4. Deaths: firms and jobs (thousand) -- Figure 4.5. Death ratio -- Continuing firms -- Figure 4.6. Contributions to change in continuing firm numbers -- Figure 4.7. Continuing firms (million) and jobs per firm (jperf) -- Figure 4.8. Continuing firms and jobs (million) -- Figure 4.9. Contributions to change in continuing firm jobs -- Drawing the threads together -- Figure 4.10. Contributions of births and continuing firms to net job creation -- Some counterfactual calculations for the GFC period -- A simple model -- Figure 4.11. Exogenous variables for counterfactual -- The results of the counterfactual -- Figure 4.12. Counterfactual results, jobs and firms -- What have we learned? -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 5. Cyclical labour market adjustment in New Zealand: The response of firms to the global financial crisis and its implications for workers -- Introduction -- Labour market resilience -- What can be learned from job and worker flows? -- Recent cyclical variation in New Zealand -- Figure 5.1. New Zealand output and employment cycles -- Table 5.1. Maximum cumulative decline in output and employment -- Labour market adjustment during the GFC -- Figure 5.2. Labour adjustment around the 2008 recession -- Variation across industry and region -- Figure 5.3. Job and worker flows by industry -- Table 5.2. Grouping of ANZSIC96 industries -- Policy changes during the recession -- Data -- Figure 5.4. Variable definition: data timing -- Microeconomic sources of aggregate adjustment.

Table 5.3. Changes in job and worker flows -- Heterogeneity of adjustment -- Figure 5.5. Heterogeneous adjustment -- Changes during the global financial crisis -- Table 5.4. Decomposition of growth in employment and wages -- Figure 5.6. Post-peak changes conditional on output shock -- Figure 5.7. Post-peak changes conditional on employment growth -- Modelling heterogeneous adjustment -- Table 5.5. Changes in industry means -- Table 5.6. Modelling worker flows conditional on employment growth: Regression results -- Table 5.7. Modelling the response to output shocks: Regression results -- Table 5.8. Firm and industry characteristics conditional on output shocks -- Table 5.9. Firm and industry characteristics conditional on employment change -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 6. Employment dynamics in Costa Rica after the global financial crisis -- Introduction -- A stable economy relying on open markets, still adapting to new industrial dynamics -- International insertion as a foundation for growth, diversification and sophistication -- Figure 6.1. Structure of exports of goods and services -- Growth with unemployment: a structural problem -- Figure 6.2. Unemployment rate,1 estimated trends2 and GDP growth -- Figure 6.3. Costa Rica, employment structure by industry -- Data and methodological approach -- About the dataset -- General insights from the data -- Table 6.1. Descriptive statistics of firms by size -- Table 6.2. Average age and condition of activity of firms, by size and year -- Figure 6.4. Share of employment by economic sector and exporting condition of businesses -- Methodological approach -- Box 6.1. Estimation of indicators for descriptive comparison analysis -- Findings -- Leaders and laggards: uneven recovery across sectors -- Job creation and destruction.

Figure 6.5. Employment growth rate by exporting and non-exporting group, according to economic sector, 2010-12.

- Preface - Foreword - Executive summary - List of acronyms and abbreviations - Assessing the links between business dynamics and policy settings - Employment growth of establishments in the Brazilian economy: Results by age and size groups - The role of mergers and acquisitions in employment dynamics in Belgium - Firm and job dynamics in the United Kingdom before, during and after the global financial crisis: Getting in under the hood - Cyclical labour market adjustment in New Zealand: The response of firms to the global financial crisis and its implications for workers - Employment dynamics in Costa Rica after the global financial crisis - The growth of Canadian firms: Evidence using different growth measures - Employment dynamics and labour productivity growth in the Norwegian economy: Evidence from firm-level data - Employment and productivity dynamics during economic crises in Japan.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.