The Art and Craft of Policy Analysis : Reissued with a New Introduction by B. Guy Peters.

Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- List of Tables -- Introduction -- I. Policy Analysis Is an Art or a Craft As Much As It Is a Science -- II. Policy Analysis Is Political -- III. Policy Analysis Is Normative -- IV. Policymaking Is Institutional -- V. Problems Are Not Solved, only Ameliorated (At Best) -- VI. The Policy Analyst Must Be a Skeptic -- VI. Budgeting Is Crucial for Policy, and Politics -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Notes -- Introduction: Analysis as Art -- Notes -- Part I: Resources Versus Objectives -- Chapter 1: Policy Analysis Is What Information Systems Are Not -- Modern Management Information Systems -- The Longest Path -- Management by Objectives -- Social Indicators -- Program Budgeting -- Comparison -- Theory -- Organization -- History -- Notes -- Chapter 2: Strategic Retreat on Objectives: Learning from Failure in American Public Policy -- Retreat on Objectives -- Crime -- Health -- Education -- Unobtainable Objectives -- The Search for Attainable Objectives -- Equalizing Organizational Outputs -- Metamorphosing Clientele: The Five De's -- Retreat or Rout? -- Why Retreat? -- Redefining the Problem -- Notes -- Chapter 3: Policy as Its Own Cause -- The Law of Large Solutions in Public Policy -- Large Solutions and Policy Interdependence -- Internalizing External Effects -- Unanticipated Consequences -- The Corporate State? -- Government as a Federation of Sectors -- Multisectoral Treaties -- Why Sectoral Segmentation? -- The World Outside -- Change for Its Own Sake -- Sectors of Policy as Prohibiters and Proponents of Change -- Problems and Solutions -- Notes -- Chapter 4: Coordination Without a Coordinator -- The Revolution We Are Waiting for Is Already Here -- Rules Containing the Consensus -- Rules for Resolving Uncertainty About Values -- Values and Analysis -- Values for Designing Means.

Broad End-State Goals -- Sources of Uncertainty -- Program Characteristics as Determinants of Cost -- Use of Commercial Markets -- Automatic Scale -- Federal Responsibility -- Misunderstandings that Always Cost More -- The Policy Eclipse -- Alternative Hypotheses -- The Civil Rights Movement Caused the Welfare Explosion -- Inflation, Demographic Shifts, and Unemployment Caused the Increased Spending on Welfare -- Notes -- Note -- Part II: Social Interaction Versus Intellectual Cogitation -- Chapter 5: Between Planning and Politics: Intellect vs. Interaction as Analysis -- Exchange -- Motivation -- Planning and Politics -- Planning -- Politics -- Comparison -- Analysis -- Rationality -- Politics and Planning Are Equally (Ir) rational9 -- The Imperatives -- System -- Efficiency -- Coordination -- Consistency -- Rationality -- "Retrospection" -- Intention and Inference -- Retrospective Rationalization -- Reprise -- Notes -- Chapter 6: A Bias Toward Federalism -- The Cooperative-Coercive Model -- The Conflict-Consent Model -- Size vs. Number or Interaction vs. Cogitation Revisited -- Notes -- Chapter 7: Opportunity Costs and Merit Wants -- Two Doctrines -- Cost Versus Merit, or Interaction and Cogitation in a New Guise -- Opportunity Costs -- Merit Wants -- Cost in Economics -- History -- Texts in the Private Sector -- Four Concepts of Worth -- Merit (Value) -- Utility (Usefulness) -- Price (Exchange Rate) -- Cost as Best Alternative -- Opportunity Cost and Markets -- Market Price as an Indicator of Opportunity Cost -- The Market and the Elements of Opportunity Cost -- Market Price and Other Concepts of Worth -- Opportunity Cost as the Best Indicator of Worth -- Cost in the Public Sector -- Economics in the Public Sector: Public Goods and Merit Wants -- Social Wants (Public Goods) -- Merit Wants -- Merit Wants: Who Decides?.

Conclusions for Policy Analysis -- Notes -- Chapter 8: Economy and Environment Rationality and Ritual -- The Delaware River Basin Project's Failure -- The Root of the Problem -- The DECS Proposes -- The DRBC Decides -- Economists and Environmentalists -- Alternatives for Controlling Water Pollution -- The Risky Environment -- "Nature" as a Verbal Weapon -- The Idea of System -- "System" as Compulsion -- Making Choices -- Polluting the Social Environment -- Economics for Environmentalists -- Notes -- Part III: Dogma Versus Skepticism -- Chapter 9: The Self-Evaluating Organization -- Evaluation -- Obstacles to Evaluation -- Uncertain Objectives -- Different Evaluations for Different Audiences -- Self-Perpetuating Policies -- Decentralization -- Time -- The Obstacle of Dealing with Obstacles -- The Policy-Administration Dichotomy Revisited -- The Self-Evaluating Organization -- The Administration Group -- History of the Policy-Administration Dichotomy -- A New Understanding of the Policy-Administration Dichotomy -- Who Will Pay the Costs of Change? -- Evaluation, Incorporated -- Adjusting to the Environment -- Joining Knowledge with Power -- Putting Knowledge to Work -- Diversification and Competition -- The Politics of Evaluation -- Evaluation as Trust -- The Necessity of Experimentation -- The Collection and Selection of Information -- Trust as the Basis of Interpretation -- Notes -- Chapter 10: Skepticism and Dogma in the White House: Jimmy Carter's Theory of Governing -- Uniformity -- Predictability -- Cogitation -- Comprehensiveness -- Incompatibility -- Top-Light and Bottom-Heavy -- Belief -- Public Confidence -- "He-the-People" -- Postscript -- Notes -- Chapter 11: Citizens as Analysts -- Citizenship as Moral Development -- Apathy -- Involving Citizens in Public Policymaking -- Mr. and Mrs. Model Citizen -- A Strategy of Specialization.

Choosing an Issue -- Gathering Information on an Issue -- Sharing and Acting on Information -- Citizenship in Daily Life -- Citizenship and Interaction -- An Illustration: The Problem of Primaries -- Distinguishing Big from Little Change -- The Traditional Criteria -- A New Criterion: Changing Relationships (PROD) -- PROD Change -- A Private-Sector Proposal -- A Public-Sector Proposal -- A Mixed-Sector Proposal -- Choice and Change -- Fact and Value: Convention or Constraint? -- Convention vs. Constraint -- Why Analysis Is Conservative -- Monism and Pluralism: A Misleading Controversy -- Reexamining the Controversy: A Question of Approach -- Morality and Policy Analysis -- Notes -- Notes -- Part IV: Policy Analysis -- Chapter 12: Doing Better and Feeling Worse: The Political Pathology of Health Policy -- Paradoxes, Principles, Axioms, Identities, and Laws -- Why There Is a Crisis? -- Does Anyone Win? -- Curing the Sickness of Health -- Alternative Health Policies -- Market Versus Administrative Mechanisms -- Thought and Action -- Planning Healthsystem Agencies -- First the Providers -- Next the Consumers -- Who Wins? -- The Future -- Note -- Chapter 13: Learning from Education: If We're Still Stuck on the Problems, Maybe We're Taking the Wrong Exam -- Compensation Without Education -- Educational Opportunity Without Social Equality -- The Objective of Having Objectives -- Politicization Without Politics -- Clarification of Objectives as a Social Process -- Notes -- Chapter 14: A Tax by Any Other Name: The  Donor-­Directed Automatic Percentage-Contribution Bonus, a Budget Alternative for Financing Governmental Support of Charity -- Budget Alternatives -- Proposals, Criteria, and Consequences -- Tax Write-Off -- The Tax Credit -- Percentage-Contribution Bonus -- Sliding Matching Grant.

What Difference Does a Government Subsidy Make? A Sensitivity Analysis -- How Much of Which Problems Are We Prepared to Live With? An Analysis of Criteria -- Perspectives: Donors, Charitables, Government -- Trade-Offs -- Political Feasibility -- Testing the Percentage-Contribution Bonus -- Notes -- Chapter 15: Distribution of Urban Services -- Patterns of Resource Distribution -- Three Patterns: The More, The More -- Compensation -- and Resultants -- An Explanation -- Adam Smith in Action -- Judging Outcomes -- Efficiency -- Equity -- Altering Outcomes -- Our Preferences -- Citizens and Bureaucrats -- Dilemmas of Redistribution -- Notes -- Chapter 16: Analysis as Craft -- Solutions as Programs -- Solutions as Hypotheses -- Solutions as Social Artifacts -- The Craft of Problem Solving -- Speaking Truth to Power -- Notes -- Appendix: Principles for a Graduate School of Public Policy -- Structure of the School -- Faculty -- Curriculum -- Administration -- Afterword -- Notes -- Postscript: Does Europe Differ? Social Policy in Selected West European Countries -- Welfare and Social Security -- Health -- Axiom of Inequality -- Summary -- Education -- Crime -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Credits -- Index.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.