East Asia and Pacific Cities : Expanding Opportunities for the Urban Poor.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Executive Summary -- 1. East Asia and the Pacific's Urbanizing Context -- Introduction -- Urbanization in the EAP region -- Poverty Reduction and Urbanization in the EAP Region -- Income Inequality in EAP Cities -- Urban Poverty in Smaller Cities and Towns -- Characteristics of Urban Poverty in EAP: Large Slum Populations -- Notes -- References -- 2. Economic Inclusion and the Urban Poor -- Introduction -- Employment Trends in East Asia and the Pacific -- Key Challenges to Employment for the Urban Poor -- Risk and Resilience among the Urban Poor -- Economic Inclusion: Increasing Jobs and Resilience -- Notes -- References -- 3. Spatial Inclusion and the Urban Poor -- Introduction -- Housing, Informality, and the Urban Poor -- Key Challenges to Providing Secure Housing -- Basic Infrastructure and Services in Low-Income Urban Areas -- Key Challenges in Infrastructure and Service Provision -- Mobility and Access to the City -- Key Mobility Challenges for the Urban Poor -- Spatial Inclusion: Strategies for Housing, Infrastructure and Service Provision, and Connectivity -- Notes -- References -- 4. Social Inclusion and the Urban Poor -- Introduction -- Key Challenges in Social Inclusion for the Urban Poor -- Subgroups among the Urban Poor: Women -- Subgroups among the Urban Poor: The Elderly -- Subgroups among the Urban Poor: Migrants -- Social Inclusion: Programs Targeting Urban Women, the Elderly, and Migrant Populations -- Notes -- References -- 5. Guiding Principles for Promoting Poverty Reduction and Inclusion in East Asia and the Pacific's Cities -- Introduction -- Promoting Economic Inclusion for the Urban Poor -- Promoting Spatial Inclusion for the Urban Poor -- Promoting Social Inclusion for the Urban Poor.

Investing Further in Knowledge on the Urban Poor and Slums -- Note -- References -- Appendix: Country Profiles -- Cambodia -- China -- Indonesia -- Mongolia -- Myanmar -- Papua New Guinea -- The Philippines -- Vietnam -- Notes -- References -- Boxes -- 1 East Asia and Pacific Cities: Expanding Opportunities for the Urban Poor: Objectives and Contents -- 1.1 Measuring Urban Extent through New Data Sources -- 1.2 Challenges in Measuring Urban Poverty -- 1.3 Multidimensional Poverty in Metro Manila -- 1.4 Informal Settlements and Slum Communities from across the EAP Region -- 2.1 Informality in the Global Economic Crisis -- 2.2 Educational Barriers to Employment in Vietnam -- 2.3 Youth Inactivity and Informal Employment in Indonesia -- 2.4 Importance of Social Networks in the Job Search in Myanmar -- 2.5 Employment Constraints for Young Women in Ulaanbaatar -- 2.6 Disruption of Home-based Work Due to Flooding in Thailand -- 3.1 All Slums Are Not Equal-Slum Development in Metro Manila, the Philippines -- 3.2 Housing for Migrant Workers -- 3.3 Informality Contributes to Public Health Hazards in Cambodia -- 3.4 Migrant Workers Lack Permits, Access to Services in Vietnam -- 3.5 Costs Accrued in Extending Services to the Urban Periphery in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, 2005-10 -- 3.6 Gridlock and Bike Bans in Yangon, Myanmar -- 3.7 Commuting and Employment in Guangzhou, China -- 3.8 Accessibility of Informal Urban Settlements in the Philippines -- 3.9 Household Expenditures on Transportation in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia -- 4.1 Land-titling and Access based on Identity in Mongolia -- 4.2 Vietnam's Legislation Ignores Customary Land Rights -- 4.3 Hukou System in China: Evolving Reforms over Time -- 4.4 Inclusive Cities: At-Risk Youth in Urban Areas of Malaysia -- 4.5 Inside Korea's Impoverished Elderly Population -- 4.6 Policies That Have Excluded Migrants in the EAP.

4.7 Approaches to Inclusion of the Elderly in China -- 4.8 Pro-poor Slum Upgrading in Thailand's Community Organizations Development Institute -- 5.1 Urbanization and Spatial Transformation Phases in Korea -- 5.2 Singapore's Inclusive Urbanization Experience -- 5.3 Analyzing Urban Poverty and Informal Settlements in Metro Manila and Ulaanbaatar -- A.1 Urban Risk Profile, Balikpapan, Indonesia -- A.2 Perspectives on Poverty and Finding Jobs in Indonesia -- A.3 Increased Vulnerability among Youth in Myanmar -- A.4 Creating Inclusion for Women in Informal Marketplaces in PNG -- A.5 How Safe Is It Really? Gangs in the Slums of Papua New Guinea -- A.6 Living among the Graves -- A.7 Women Improving Their Situation in Urban Slums in Vietnam -- A.8 Doi Moi Economic Policy in Vietnam -- Figures -- 1.1 Multidimensional Framework for Inclusive Cities and the Urban Poor -- 1.2 Total Urban Population by Region between 1960 and 2015 -- 1.3 Urban Population by Country, 2000 and 2010 -- 1.4 Share of the World's Natural Disasters, by Region -- B1.3.1 Relative Contribution to Multidimensional Poverty, Metro Manila, 2016 -- 1.5 Regional Urban Poverty Rates -- 1.6 Urban Poverty Rates over Time, in the EAP region -- 1.7 Proportion of Urban Land by Income Group in EAP, 2000 and 2010 -- 1.8 Intra-urban Inequalities (Gini Coefficients) -- 1.9 Poverty and Place -- 1.10 Proportion of Urban Population Living in Slums, by Region, 2014 -- 2.1 Rates of Informal Employment in Select East Asia and Pacific Countries -- B3.1.1 Informal Settlements by Type, Metro Manila, the Philippines -- 3.1 Regional Access to Urban Water and Sanitation, 2015 -- 3.2 Access to Sanitation Services in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, 2014 -- 3.3 Average Commute Time versus Population -- 3.4 Four-wheeler Motorization Rate Relative to Per-Capita Income -- 4.1 Gini Coefficient of Land Equality.

4.2 Country Contexts from Less Participatory to Most Participatory -- 4.3 Old-age Dependency Ratios, 2013 and 2030 -- A.1 Urban Access to Sanitation by Income Level, Indonesia -- A.2 Rates of Urban-Rural Inequality in Myanmar -- A.3 PNG Urban Population Growth -- A.4 Crimes Committed by Youth in Port Moresby, 2004 -- A.5 Cycle of Crime and Urban Youth in Port Moresby -- A.6 Increasing Slum Populations in Urban Areas in the Philippines -- A.7 Poverty Levels in Vietnam by Class of City -- Tables -- 1.1 Diversity in EAP Countries -- B1.3.1 Comparing Income versus Multidimensional Poor Individuals Based on Income Status -- 1.2 Urban Poverty and Inequality across the EAP Region -- 1.3 Urban Slum Population by Region, 2014 -- 1.4 Urban Population Living in Slum Areas in Select EAP Countries, 2014 -- 2.1 Average Wage Earnings by Employment Status in Urban Areas in Indonesia, 2011 -- 2.2 Female Labor Force Participation Rate by Region, 2014 -- 2.3 Professional Training of Urban Labor Force, by Income Quintile and Percent, Vietnam, 2009 -- 2.4 Impacts of Flooding on Residents in Tham Luong-Ben Cat Subcatchment, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam -- 2.5 Regional Examples of Social Safety Net Programs for Disaster Relief -- B3.1.1 Poverty Levels by Slum Typology -- 3.1 Access and Individual Urban Water Coverage, and Access and Sewerage Connection Coverage, 2015 -- B3.6.1 Registered Vehicles by State/division in Myanmar, 2010 -- B3.7.1 Mode Choice and Travel Times of all Respondents -- 3.2 Reported Deaths by User Road Category in East Asia, 2010 (percent) -- 3.3 Traffic-Accident Fatality Rates, Cities in Northeast China, 2005 -- 4.1 Democracy Rating of EAP Countries, 2016 -- 4.2 Targeted Programs for the Elderly in East Asia -- 4.3 Migrations Policies Recognizing Agglomeration Benefits -- 5.1 Typology for Country and City Urbanization Levels.

5.2 Guiding Principles for Promoting Inclusion of the Urban Poor by Urbanization Level -- 5.3 Summary of Policy and Program Examples Aimed at Promoting Inclusion in EAP -- A.1 Urban Planning Initiatives under Development in Cambodia -- A.2 Urban Planning Initiatives in China -- A.3 Urban Planning Initiatives in Indonesia -- A.4 Urban Planning Initiatives in Mongolia -- A.5 Composition of Migrants by Gender and Age in Myanmar -- A.6 Urban Planning Initiatives in Myanmar -- A.7 National Policies and Programs Targeting the Poor in Papua New Guinea -- A.8 National Policies and Programs Targeting the Poor in the Philippines -- A.9 National Policies and Programs Targeting the Poor in Vietnam.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.