International Law Relating to Islands.

Intro -- THE HAGUE ACADEMY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW: A collection of law lectures in pocketbook form -- TABLE OF CONTENTS -- Chapter I. Introduction -- Chapter II. Selected contemporary disputes concern- ing islands -- A. North Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, and Caribbean Sea -- B. South Atlantic Ocean -- C. Southern Ocean -- D. Indian Ocean -- E. Pacific Ocean -- F. Conclusion -- Chapter III. Definition of an "island". -- A. Low-tide elevations -- B. Islands -- C. Islands that are "rocks" -- D. Conclusion -- Chapter IV. Methods for acquiring sovereignty over an island -- A. General points -- B. Title by discovery and occupation of terra nullius -- C. Title by international agreement between States -- D. Title by State succession -- E. Title by military conquest -- F. Title by continuous and peaceful display of sovereignty -- G. Relevance of proximity/contiguity of the island to other features -- H. Relevance of maps -- I. Alternative approaches -- J. Conclusion -- Chapter V. Islands within boundary rivers or lakes -- A. General points -- B. Islands in boundary rivers -- C. Islands in boundary lakes -- D. Conclusion -- Chapter VI. Islands in relation to maritime zones -- A. Baselines and internal waters of a mainland in relation to nearby islands or low-tide eleva- tions -- 1. Normal baselines and low-tide elevations -- 2. Straight baselines and "fringing" islands -- 3. Straight baselines and low-tide elevations -- 4. Bay closing lines and islands within bays -- 5. Internal waters -- B. Baselines and internal waters of an island not part of a fringe of islands along a mainland -- C. Islands and the territorial sea -- 1. No maritime zones for low-tide elevations -- 2. Entitlement of islands to a territorial sea -- 3. Rights and obligations in an island's terri- torial sea -- D. Islands and the contiguous zone.

E. Islands and the exclusive economic zone -- F. Islands and the continental shelf -- G. Archipelagos -- H. Islands and historic titles, bays and rights -- 1. Historic titles and bays -- 2. Historic rights -- 3. Artisanal (traditional) fishing rights -- 4. Historic rights and maritime delimitation -- I. Conclusion -- Chapter VII. Effects of islands on maritime bound- ary delimitation -- A. Rules, principles or methods on delimitation of maritime zones generally -- B. Rules, principles or methods relating to islands when delimiting maritime zones -- 1. General observations -- 2. Islands and an equidistance line -- 3. Islands and an angle-bisector line -- 4. Enclaving islands -- 5. "Mushrooming" islands -- 5. "Mushrooming" islands -- C. Rights and obligations pending resolution of overlapping claims -- D. Conclusion -- Chapter VIII. Changes in islands over time -- A. Ways that islands can change over time -- B. Legal consequences of changes over time -- 1. Creation of new islands -- 2. Unstable maritime zones -- 3. Stable maritime zones despite shifting baselines -- 4. Islands to rocks to low-tide elevations -- 5. Disappearance of an island State -- C. Conclusion -- Chapter IX. Pacific settlement of island disputes -- A. Overview of LOS Convention dispute settle- ment -- B. Islands and negotiation -- C. Islands and mediation -- D. Islands and conciliation -- E. Islands and arbitration -- F. Islands and judicial settlement -- 1. Contentious cases -- (a) International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea -- (b) International Court of Justice -- 2. Advisory opinions -- G. Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf -- H. Conclusion -- Chapter X. General conclusions -- Bibliography -- About the Author -- Biographical note -- Principal publications -- PUBLICATIONSOF THE HAGUE ACADEMYOF INTERNATIONAL LAW.

This monograph considers the application of general rules of international law to islands, as well as special rules focused on islands, notably Article 121 of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. Such rules have been applied in several landmark cases in recent years, including the International Court of Justice's judgments in Territorial and Maritime Dispute (Nicaragua v. Colombia), and arbitral awards in the Chagos Marine Protected Area Arbitration (Mauritius v. United Kingdom) and the South China Sea Arbitration (Philippines v. China). Among other things, this monograph explores: the legal concepts of "islands", "rocks" and "low-tide elevations"; methods of securing sovereignty over and the maritime zones generated by islands; islands and historic titles, bays and rights; problems of delimitation in the presence of islands; legal issues arising from changes in islands over time (notably from climate change); and contemporary techniques for resolving disputes over islands.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.