Mass Spectrometry and Stable Isotopes in Nutritional and Pediatric Research.

Intro -- Wiley Series on Mass Spectrometry -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Table of Contents -- List of Contributors -- Introduction -- List of Abbreviations -- Chapter 1: Mass Spectrometry Techniques for In Vivo Stable Isotope Approaches -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Nomenclature for Light-Stable Isotope Changes -- 1.3 Mass Spectrometry Techniques -- 1.4 Choice of Mass Spectrometric Techniques and Applications to Measure Isotopic Enrichments in Metabolic Studies -- 1.5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 2: Stable Isotope Technology -- 2.1 History -- 2.2 Definition -- 2.3 Safety -- 2.4 Stable Isotopes and Natural Abundances -- 2.5 Stable Isotope Selection -- 2.6 Single or Multiple Label Selection -- 2.7 Precursor Model -- 2.8 Simultaneous Infusion -- 2.9 Infusion Techniques -- 2.10 Steady State -- 2.11 Pool Selection -- 2.12 Pool Models -- 2.13 Flux: Synthesis and Breakdown -- 2.14 Nitrogen Balance -- 2.15 Doubly Labeled Water Method -- 2.16 Whole-body Protein Synthesis -- 2.17 Specific Protein Synthesis -- 2.18 Calculations -- 2.19 Considerations and Drawbacks of Isotopic Tracers -- 2.20 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Stable Isotopes in Nutritional and Pediatric Research -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Ethical Aspects -- 3.3 Applications of Stable Isotopes in Nutritional and Pediatric Research -- 3.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Early-Life Nutrition and Stable Isotope Techniques -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Breast Milk versus Infant Formula -- 4.3 Techniques to Monitor Milk Intake -- 4.4 Body Composition in Term and Preterm Infants -- 4.5 Amino Acid Requirement -- 4.6 Clinical Applications -- 4.7 Additional Applications -- 4.8 Discussion -- 4.9 Conclusion -- 4.10 Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 5: Assessment of Amino Acid Requirement in Children Using Stable Isotopes -- 5.1 Introduction.

5.2 Nutrient Needs and Definitions -- 5.3 Methods to Determine Requirements -- 5.4 Isotopic Tracer Methods -- 5.5 Existing Methods to Determine Amino Acid Requirement for Neonates -- 5.6 Use of the IAAO Method in the Pediatric Population -- 5.7 Necessity for Performing the Study -- 5.8 Biochemistry -- 5.11 Analysis and Calculations -- 5.12 Results -- 5.13 Statistical Analysis -- 5.14 Discussion -- 5.15 Conclusion -- 5.16 Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 6: Metabolism of Glutamine, Citrulline, and Arginine -- Stable Isotopes Analyzing the Intestinal-Renal Axis -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Biochemistry -- 6.3 Isotopic Model -- 6.4 Study Design -- 6.5 Mass Spectrometry Methods -- 6.6 Clinical Applications -- 6.7 Calculations -- 6.8 Discussion and Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 7: Applications in Fat Absorption and Metabolism -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Biochemistry of Fat Absorption -- 7.3 Isotope Model -- 7.4 Study Design/Infusion Protocols -- 7.5 Analytical Equipment -- 7.6 Analytical Conditions -- 7.7 Accuracy and Precision -- 7.8 Calculations -- 7.9 Clinical Applications -- 7.10 Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 8: Materno-Fetal Lipid Kinetics -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Biochemistry of Placental Lipid Transport -- 8.3 Investigation of Fatty Acid Metabolism Using Stable Isotopes -- 8.4 Mass Spectrometry Methods -- 8.5 Clinical Studies with Fatty Acids Labeled with Stable Isotopes in Healthy and Complicated Pregnancies -- 8.6 Calculations -- 8.7 Future Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 9: Stable Isotope Applications in Human In Vivo Placental and Fetal Research -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Investigation of Fetal Metabolism Using Stable Isotopes -- 9.3 Study Designs and Models -- 9.4 Infusion Protocols and Clinical Applications -- 9.5 Necessary Additional Clinical Parameters to be Analyzed.

9.6 Necessary Analytical Mass-Spectrometry Equipment and Analytical Conditions -- 9.7 Calculations -- 9.8 Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 10: Obesity -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Singly and Doubly Labeled Water -- 10.3 Substrate Oxidation -- 10.4 Glucose Metabolism -- 10.5 Fat Metabolism -- 10.6 Protein Turnover -- 10.7 Calculations -- 10.8 Discussion and Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 11: Inborn Errors of Metabolism -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Stable Isotope Techniques -- 11.3 Analytical Equipment and Methods -- 11.4 Study Protocol: Quantifying Endogenous Galactose Production -- 11.5 Calculations -- 11.6 Discussion -- 11.7 Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 12: Renal Disease and Dialysis -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Total Body Water and Its Distribution -- 12.3 Protein Metabolism in Chronic Kidney Disease -- 12.4 Dialysis - Metabolic Consequences and Nutrient Losses -- 12.5 Primary Hyperoxalurias -- 12.6 Clinical Applications -- 12.7 Calculations -- 12.8 Discussion -- 12.9 Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 13: Application in Oxidative Stress and Glutathione Metabolism in Preterm Infants -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Biochemistry/Model -- 13.3 Guidelines and Safety Procedures -- 13.4 Mass Spectrometry Methods -- 13.5 Materials and Methods -- 13.6 Clinical Application (A Practical Example of a Study Protocol) -- 13.7 Calculations -- 13.8 Discussion and Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 14: Nutrient Digestion and Absorption During Intestinal Malfunction and Diseases -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Clinical Application [49] -- References -- Index -- Wiley Series on Mass Spectrometry -- End User License Agreement.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.