Wood Deterioration, Protection and Maintenance.

Intro -- Wood Deterioration, Protection and Maintenance -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- About the Author -- 1 Wood Durability and Lifetime of Wooden Products -- 1.1 Basic information about wood structure and its properties -- 1.1.1 Wood structure -- 1.1.2 Wood properties -- 1.2 Types and principles of wood degradation -- 1.3 Natural durability of wood -- 1.4 Methods of wood protection for improvement its durability -- 1.5 Service life prediction of wooden products -- 1.5.1 Lifetime of wooden products -- 1.5.2 Service life prediction of wooden products by factor method -- 1.5.3 Life cycle assessment of wooden products -- References -- Standards -- 2 Abiotic Degradation of Wood -- 2.1 Wood damaged by weather factors -- 2.2 Wood damaged thermally and by fire -- 2.2.1 Thermal wood decomposition -- 2.2.2 Wood burning: fire -- 2.3 Wood damaged by aggressive chemicals -- 2.3.1 Corrosion of wood by chemicals under aerobic conditions -- 2.3.2 Corrosion of wood by chemicals under anaerobic conditions: wood fossilization -- 2.4 Properties of abiotically damaged wood -- 2.4.1 Properties of weathered wood -- 2.4.2 Impact of increased temperature and fire on wood properties -- 2.4.3 Impact of water and other chemicals on wood properties -- References -- Standards -- 3 Biological Degradation of Wood -- 3.1 Wood damaged by bacteria -- 3.2 Wood damaged by fungi -- 3.2.1 Reproduction, classification and physiology of wood-damaging fungi -- 3.2.2 Wood-decaying fungi -- 3.2.3 Wood-staining fungi and moulds -- 3.3 Wood damaged by insects -- 3.3.1 Reproduction, classification and physiology of wood-damaging insects -- 3.3.2 Wood-damaging insects -- 3.4 Wood damaged by marine organisms -- 3.4.1 Shipworms -- 3.4.2 Limnoria -- 3.5 Mechanisms of wood biodegradation -- 3.5.1 Biodegradation of cellulose -- 3.5.2 Biodegradation of hemicelluloses.

3.5.3 Biodegradation of lignin -- 3.6 Properties of biologically damaged wood -- 3.6.1 Properties of rotten wood -- 3.6.2 Properties of wood having galleries -- References -- 4 Structural Protection of Wood -- 4.1 Methodology of structural protection of wood -- 4.2 Selection of suitable wood materials -- 4.3 Design proposals for permanently low moisture of wood -- 4.3.1 Estimated moisture of wood -- 4.3.2 Shape optimizations for wood moisture reduction -- 4.3.3 Waterproofing and other isolations of wood and wooden composites from water sources -- 4.3.4 Structural design to prevent condensed water generation -- 4.3.5 Regulation of climatic conditions in interiors -- 4.4 Fire sections and other fire-safety measures -- References -- Standards -- 5 Chemical Protection of Wood -- 5.1 Methodology, ecology and regulation of chemical protection of wood -- 5.1.1 Methodology and legislation of chemical protection of wood -- 5.1.2 Toxicological and ecotoxicological standpoints of chemical protection of wood -- 5.1.3 Regulation of chemical protection of wood -- 5.2 Preservatives for wood protection -- 5.2.1 Bactericides -- 5.2.2 Fungicides: for decay, sap-stain and mould control -- 5.2.3 Insecticides -- 5.2.4 Fire retardants -- 5.2.5 Protective coatings against weather impacts -- 5.2.6 Evaluation of new preservatives -- 5.3 Technologies of chemical protection of wood -- 5.3.1 Improvement of permeability and impregnability of wood -- 5.3.2 Application properties of preservatives -- 5.3.3 Flow and diffusion transport of preservatives in wood -- 5.3.4 Fixation of preservatives in wood -- 5.3.5 Non-autoclave technologies of chemical protection of wood -- 5.3.6 Autoclave technologies of chemical protection of wood -- 5.3.7 Nanotechnologies and nano-compounds for chemical protection of wood -- 5.3.8 Quality control of chemically protected wood.

5.4 Chemical protection of wooden composites -- 5.4.1 Wooden composites and their susceptibility to damage -- 5.4.2 Principles and technologies of chemical protection of wooden composites -- References -- Standards -- Directives -- 6 Modifying Protection of Wood -- 6.1 Methodology, ecology and effectiveness of wood modification -- 6.1.1 Methods of wood modification: mechanical, physical, chemical and biological -- 6.1.2 Ecology of wood modification -- 6.1.3 Effectiveness of wood modification -- 6.2 Thermally modified wood -- 6.2.1 Principles, methods and technology of thermal wood modification -- 6.2.2 Durability and other properties of thermally modified wood -- 6.2.3 Applications of thermally modified wood -- 6.3 Chemically modified wood -- 6.3.1 Principles, methods and technology of chemical wood modification -- 6.3.2 Substances intentionally or randomly reacting with wood components -- 6.3.3 Durability and other properties of chemically modified wood -- 6.3.4 Applications of chemically modified wood -- 6.4 Biologically modified wood -- 6.4.1 Microorganisms suppressing the activity of wood-damaging fungi and insects -- 6.4.2 Gene engineering for increasing durability of wood and decreasing the activity of fungal enzymes -- References -- Standards -- 7 Maintenance of Wood and Restoration of Damaged Wood -- 7.1 Aims and enforcement of the maintenance and the restoration of damaged wood -- 7.2 Wood maintenance -- 7.2.1 Principles of wood maintenance in exteriors and interiors -- 7.2.2 Principles of the fight against the active stages of wood pests -- 7.3 Diagnosis of damaged wood -- 7.3.1 Sensory diagnostic methods -- 7.3.2 Instrumental diagnostic methods -- 7.3.3 Diagnosing the age of wood -- 7.4 Sterilization of biologically damaged wood -- 7.4.1 Physical sterilization of wood -- 7.4.2 Chemical sterilization of wood.

7.5 Conservation of damaged wood -- 7.5.1 Natural and synthetic agents for wood conservation -- 7.5.2 Methods and technologies for the conservation of air-dried damaged wood -- 7.5.3 Methods and technologies for the conservation of waterlogged wood -- 7.6 Renovation of damaged wood -- 7.6.1 General requirements for the renovation of wooden objects -- 7.6.2 Techniques for strengthening of individual wooden elements -- 7.6.3 Techniques for strengthening of whole wooden structural units -- References -- Standards -- Index -- EULA.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.