Industrial and Medical Nuclear Accidents : Environmental, Ecological, Health and Socio-Economic Consequences.

Cover -- Half-Title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- List of Acronyms -- 1. Classification of Civil, Industrial and Medical Nuclear Accidents -- 1.1. Nuclear accident or radiological accident? -- 1.2. Classification of nuclear accidents. Incident or accident? -- 1.2.1. Application of the INES in France -- 1.2.2. Application of the INES at the international level -- 1.2.3. Other classifications of nuclear accidents -- 1.2.4. The NAMS classification -- 1.3. Classification of radiological accidents -- 1.4. The typology of accidents -- 1.4.1. Criticality accidents -- 1.4.2. Accidents in nuclear power reactors -- 1.4.3. Losses of radioactive sources -- 1.4.4. Radiotherapy accidents -- 1.4.5. Terrorist attacks -- 1.5. What are the main nuclear accidents? -- 1.6. Information on nuclear energy -- 2. Accidents Related to Nuclear Power Production -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Accidents in the nuclear fuel cycle -- 2.2.1. Uranium mines -- 2.2.2. Milling, conversion, enrichment and fuel manufacturing plants -- 2.2.3. Nuclear reactors -- 2.2.4. Spent fuel reprocessing plants -- 2.3. Accidents in laboratories -- 2.3.1. Chalk River laboratories -- 2.3.2. French study centers -- 2.4. Other accidents -- 2.4.1. Accidents in civil engineering -- 2.4.2. Accidents in nuclear propulsion -- 2.5. Waste management incidents -- 2.6. Incidents in the transport of radioactive packages -- 2.7. Environmental consequences -- 2.7.1. Uranium mines -- 2.7.2. Tokai-Mura -- 2.7.3. Saint-Laurent-des-Eaux -- 2.7.4. Three Mile Island -- 2.7.5. Church Rock -- 2.7.6. La Hague -- 2.7.7. Chalk River -- 2.7.8. Simi Valley -- 2.8. Health consequences -- 2.8.1. Uranium miners -- 2.8.2. Workers in the nuclear industry -- 2.8.3. Simi Valley -- 2.8.4. Tokai-Mura -- 2.8.5. Lucens -- 2.8.6. Three Mile Island -- 2.8.7. Church Rock -- 2.8.8. La Hague.

2.8.9. Chalk River -- 2.8.10. Ruthenium 106 releases in Russia in September 2017 -- 2.9. The cost of accidents -- 2.11. Conclusions -- 3. The Extremely Serious Nuclear Accident at Chernobyl -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. The facts -- 3.2.1. The Chernobyl site and the nuclear power plant -- 3.2.2. The accident -- 3.2.3. The core and the sarcophage -- 3.2.4. Atmospheric emissions -- 3.2.5. The dispersion of radionuclides -- 3.2.6. Radioactive fallout -- 3.2.7. Accident management -- 3.2.8. Countermeasures carried out at Chernobyl -- 3.3. Spatial and environmental consequences -- 3.3.1. Atmospheric contamination -- 3.3.2. Soil contamination -- 3.3.3. Surface water contamination -- 3.3.4. Groundwater contamination -- 3.3.5. Forest contamination -- 3.3.6. Contamination of the aquatic environment -- 3.3.7. Contamination of the marine environment -- 3.4. Ecological consequences of the Chernobyl accident -- 3.4.1. The three phases -- 3.4.2. Effects at molecular level -- 3.4.3. Genetic effects -- 3.4.4. Morphological and physiological effects on individuals -- 3.4.5. Effects on individual reproduction (sex, sex-ratio, fertility) -- 3.4.6. Effects on populations (age, abundance, longevity) -- 3.4.7. Effects on ecosystem structure and functioning -- 3.4.8. Partial conclusion -- 3.5. Health consequences -- 3.5.1. Implications for large organisms -- 3.5.2. The main contributions to exposure -- 3.5.3. Population exposure -- 3.5.4. Cancer pathologies -- 3.5.5. Non-cancerous pathologies -- 3.5.6. Mortalities resulting from the Chernobyl accident -- 3.6. Social consequences -- 3.6.1. Psychological disorders among liquidators -- 3.6.2. Psychological disorders in evacuated populations -- 3.7. Consequences in Europe and France -- 3.7.1. The impact of Chernobyl in Europe -- 3.7.2. The impact of Chernobyl in France -- 3.7.3. Cases of thyroid cancer in France.

3.8. Economic consequences -- 3.9. Long-term management of the Chernobyl accident -- 3.10. Conclusion -- 4. Fukushima's Serious Nuclear Accidents -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. The course of the Fukushima accidents -- 4.2.1. The facts -- 4.2.2. Atmospheric emissions -- 4.2.3. Marine discharges -- 4.3. Actions taken by the Japanese authorities -- 4.3.1. Evacuation of the populations -- 4.3.2. Distribution of iodine tablets to children -- 4.3.3. Exposure limits for nuclear workers and the public -- 4.3.4. Regulatory values and food monitoring -- 4.3.5. Decontamination tests of crop production -- 4.3.6. Decontamination and waste management -- 4.3.7. The restructuring of the Japanese nuclear industry -- 4.3.8. Compensation of victims -- 4.4. Environmental contamination -- 4.4.1. Contamination of the atmosphere -- 4.4.2. Contamination of the terrestrial environment -- 4.4.3. Forest contamination -- 4.4.4. Bird contamination -- 4.4.5. Contamination of freshwater environments -- 4.4.6. Contamination of the marine environment -- 4.4.7. Contamination of agricultural products and foodstuffs -- 4.5. Exposure and effects on flora and fauna -- 4.5.1. Exposure and effects on forests -- 4.5.2. Exposure and effects on birds -- 4.5.3. Exposure and effects on other terrestrial organisms -- 4.5.4. Exposure and effects on freshwater organisms -- 4.5.5. Exposure and effects on marine organisms -- 4.6. Health consequences -- 4.6.1. Consequences for the local human population -- 4.6.2. The consequences for nuclear workers -- 4.6.3. Consequences on the world population (excluding Japan) -- 4.7. Economic consequences -- 4.8. The situation in 2016 and 2017 -- 4.8.1. The current situation of the Fukushima nuclear facilities -- 4.8.2. The time course of freshwater contamination.

4.8.3. The first returns and return intentions of the evacuated populations following the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi power plant -- 4.9. Conclusions -- 5. Industrial and Medical Radiology Accidents -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2. Industrial and medical applications -- 5.2.1. Non-destructive industrial testing -- 5.2.2. Industrial synthesis reactions and mechanical and chemical transformations -- 5.2.3. Environmental remediation and waste treatment by irradiation -- 5.2.4. Agri-food applications -- 5.2.5. Medical applications -- 5.3. Radiological criticality accidents -- 5.4. Radiological accidents related to the loss of radioactive sources -- 5.4.1. Loss of radioactive sources and public exposure -- 5.4.2. The main causes of loss of radioactive sources -- 5.4.3. Nuclear accidents related to the loss of radioactive sources -- 5.5. Radiological accidents with radioactive sources and industrial accelerators -- 5.6. Medical radiological accidents -- 5.6.1. Historical accidents involving the use of radiotherapy -- 5.6.2. Radiological accidents with medicinal radioactive sources -- 5.6.3. Brachytherapy and brachytherapy accidents -- 5.6.4. Interventional radiology by fluoroscopy -- 5.6.5. Secondary cancers -- 5.7. Conclusions -- Conclusion -- C.1. Comparison of the Chernobyl and Fukushima accidents -- Different circumstances -- Different air emissions -- Atmospheric fallout and evacuation areas of various sizes -- A single accident versus multiple accidents -- Contrasting radioactive contamination for the environment -- Contrasting effects for flora and fauna -- Different health effects -- C.2. Consequences of nuclear accidents on the physical environment -- C.3. Ecological consequences of nuclear accidents -- C.4. Adaptation of organisms to radiation -- C.5. Health consequences of nuclear accidents.

C.6. Social consequences and perceived risk of nuclear accidents -- C.7. Probability of a new nuclear accident -- C.8. Costs of civil nuclear accidents -- C.9. Future of civil nuclear power -- Glossary -- References -- Index -- Other titles from iSTE in Ecological Science -- EULA.

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