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English Legal Terminology : Legal Concepts in Language.

By: Material type: TextTextPublisher: Portland : Eleven International Publishing, 2015Copyright date: ©2016Edition: 4th edDescription: 1 online resource (283 pages)Content type:
  • text
Media type:
  • computer
Carrier type:
  • online resource
ISBN:
  • 9789462743823
Subject(s): Genre/Form: Additional physical formats: Print version:: English Legal TerminologyDDC classification:
  • 340.14
LOC classification:
  • K50 -- .G83 2016eb
Online resources:
Contents:
Cover -- English legal terminology: Legal concepts in language -- Preface to the fourth edition -- Preface to the first edition: acknowledgments -- Contents -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: Legal system terminology -- 1 INTRODUCTION -- 2 THE COURT STRUCTURE -- 2.1 England -- 2.2 United States -- 2.2.1 Federal court structure -- 2.2.2 State court structure -- 2.3 Translation note -- 2.4 Alternatives to the courts -- 3 THE LEGAL PROFESSION -- 3.1 England -- 3.1.1 Solicitor -- 3.1.2 Barrister -- 3.2 United States -- 3.3 Judges in the common law system -- 3.3.1 The jury -- 4 OPERATION OF A COMMON LAW SYSTEM -- 4.1 Legislation -- 4.1.1 The English system -- 4.1.2 The system in the United States -- 4.2 Equity -- 4.3 The common law: case law -- 4.3.1 Binding precedent -- 4.3.2 Case reports -- 4.3.3 Appeal -- Legal system terminology in context -- Legal system vocabulary -- Legal system discussion questions -- Legal system knowledge questions -- Chapter 2: Civil procedure terminology -- 1 INTRODUCTION -- 2 CIVIL PROCEDURE IN ENGLAND -- 2.1 The civil courts in England -- 2.1.1 Magistrates' Court -- 2.1.2 The Family Court -- 2.1.3 County Court -- 2.1.4 The High Court -- 2.1.5 The Appeal Courts -- 2.1.6 Other civil courts -- 2.2 Civil procedure reforms in England -- 2.3 Commencing civil proceedings in England -- 2.3.1 The claimant -- 2.3.2 Bringing an action -- 2.3.3 Defending an action -- 2.3.4 Statements of case -- 2.4 Summary judgment -- 2.5 Settlement -- 2.6 Case management -- 2.6.1 Order for disclosure of documents -- 2.6.2 Interim remedies -- 2.7 Trial -- 2.7.1 The trial timetable -- 2.7.2 Evidence -- 2.7.3 The burden and standard of proof -- 2.8 Appeal -- 2.9 Costs -- 2.9.1 Awards of costs -- 2.9.2 Legal fees -- 2.10 Enforcement of judgments -- 2.10.1 Seizure of goods -- 2.10.2 Third party debt orders -- 2.10.3 Charging orders.
2.10.4 Equitable receivership -- 2.10.5 Non-money judgments -- 2.11 Judicial review -- 3 CIVIL PROCEDURE IN THE UNITED STATES -- 3.1 Civil jurisdiction in the United States -- 3.2 Commencing proceedings in the United States -- 3.2.1 The plaintiff -- 3.2.2 Bringing an action -- 3.2.3 Defending an action -- 3.3 Motion to dismiss and summary judgment -- 3.4 Pre-trial -- 3.5 Trial -- 3.6 Appeal -- 3.7 Enforcement of judgments -- 3.8 Judicial review -- 3.9 Costs -- Civil procedure terminology in context -- Civil procedure vocabulary -- Civil procedure discussion questions and case discussion -- Civil procedure knowledge questions -- Chapter 3: European Union law terminology -- 1 INTRODUCTION -- 2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND -- 3 THE MAIN SOURCES OF EU LAW -- 3.1 Primary sources of law: the treaties -- 3.2 Secondary sources: secondary legislation -- 3.2.1 Regulations -- 3.2.2 Directives -- 3.2.3 Decisions -- 3.2.4 Non-binding measures -- 3.3 General principles of EU law -- 3.3.1 Proportionality -- 3.3.2 Legal certainty -- 3.3.3 Procedural rights -- 3.3.4 Principle of equality -- 3.3.5 Protection of human rights -- 3.4 Decisions of the Court of Justice -- 4 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EU LAW AND NATIONAL LAW -- 4.1 Principle of supremacy and the principle of conferral -- 4.2 Principle of subsidiarity and the principle of proportionality -- 4.3 Direct applicability -- 4.4 Direct effect -- 4.4.1 Vertical and horizontal direct effect -- 4.4.2 Direct effect of Treaty provisions -- 4.4.3 Direct effect of regulations -- 4.4.4 Direct effect of directives -- 5 EUROPEAN UNION INSTITUTIONS -- 5.1 The European Commission -- 5.2 The Council of the European Union -- 5.3 European Parliament -- 5.4 The European Council -- 5.5 The EU legal order: the Court of Justice of the European Union -- 5.5.1 Court of Justice: personnel -- 5.5.2 Court of Justice: procedures.
5.6 The General Court -- 5.7 The Civil Service Tribunal -- 5.8 Subsidiary institutions -- 6 THE INTERNAL MARKET -- 6.1 Free movement of goods -- 6.2 Free movement of workers -- 6.3 Freedom of establishment and the freedom to provide services -- 6.4 The free movement of capital -- 7 COMPETITION LAW -- 7.1 Article 101 TFEU: restrictive practices -- 7.2 Article 102 TFEU: abuse of a dominant position -- European Union law terminology in context -- European Union law vocabulary -- European Union law case discussions -- European Union law knowledge questions -- Chapter 4: Tort terminology -- 1 INTRODUCTION -- 2 PARTIES -- 3 INTENTIONAL TORTS TO PERSON AND PROPERTY -- 3.1 Intentional interference with the person -- 3.2 Intentional interference with property -- 3.2.1 Intentional interference with chattels -- 3.2.2 Conversion -- 3.2.3 Intentional interference with land -- 3.3 Defences to the intentional torts -- 4 NEGLIGENCE -- 4.1 Requirements -- 4.1.1 Duty of care at common law -- 4.1.2 Duty of care and psychiatric injury -- 4.1.3 Duty of care and economic loss -- 4.2 Statutory duties of care -- 4.3 Breach of duty -- 4.4 Causation and remoteness of damage -- 4.5 Defences -- 4.5.1 Contributory negligence -- 4.5.2 Volenti non fit injuria -- 5 STATUTORY PRODUCT LIABILITY -- 6 OCCUPIER'S LIABILITY -- 7 NUISANCE -- 7.1 Private nuisance -- 7.2 Public nuisance -- 7.3 Rule in Rylands v Fletcher -- 8 DISCRIMINATION TORTS -- 9 DEFAMATION -- 9.1 Requirements -- 9.2 Defences to defamation -- 10 TORT OF INVASION OF PRIVACY -- 11 ECONOMIC TORTS -- 12 REMEDIES IN TORT -- 12.1 Damages -- 12.2 Injunction -- Tort terminology in context -- Tort vocabulary -- Tort case discussions -- Tort knowledge questions -- Chapter 5: Contract law terminology -- 1 INTRODUCTION -- 2 THE FORM OF A CONTRACT -- 3 FORMATION OF A CONTRACT -- 3.1 Offer and acceptance -- 3.1.1 Offer.
3.1.2 Invitation to treat -- 3.1.3 Tender -- 3.1.4 Communication of the offer -- 3.1.5 Certainty of terms -- 3.1.6 Termination of an offer -- 3.2 Acceptance -- 3.2.1 The postal rule -- 3.2.2 The 'battle of the forms' -- 3.3 Intention to create legal relations -- 3.3.1 Presumptions -- 3.3.2 Pre-contractual liability -- 3.4 Consideration -- 3.4.1 Types of consideration -- 3.4.2 Nature of consideration -- 3.4.3 Promissory estoppel -- 4 CAPACITY -- 5 PARTIES TO THE CONTRACT -- 6 CONTENTS OF THE CONTRACT -- 6.1 The parol evidence rule -- 6.2 Pre-contractual phase -- 6.3 Classification of contract terms -- 6.3.1 Condition -- 6.3.2 Warranty -- 6.3.3 Innominate term -- 6.4 Express terms -- 6.5 Implied terms -- 6.5.1 Trade usage -- 6.5.2 Statutory implied terms -- 6.5.3 Terms implied by the courts -- 6.6 Exclusion clauses -- 6.6.1 Judicial rules -- 6.6.2 Legislation -- 7 REASONS TO HAVE A CONTRACT SET ASIDE: VITIATING FACTORS -- 7.1 Misrepresentation -- 7.1.1 Types of misrepresentation -- 7.1.2 Remedies for misrepresentation -- 7.2 Duress and undue influence -- 7.3 Mistake -- 7.4 Illegality -- 7.5 Contracts in restraint of trade -- 8 DISCHARGE OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS -- 8.1 Discharge by performance -- 8.2 Discharge by agreement -- 8.3 Discharge by breach -- 8.3.1 Termination -- 8.3.2 Termination or rescission? -- 8.4 Discharge by frustration -- 8.4.1 Limits of the doctrine of frustration -- 8.4.2 Consequences of frustration -- 9 REMEDIES FOR BREACH OF CONTRACT -- 9.1 Damages -- 9.1.1 Liquidated damages and penalties -- 9.1.2 Remoteness of damage -- 9.1.3 Mitigation of loss -- 9.2 Quantum meruit -- 9.3 Specific performance -- 9.4 Injunction -- 9.5 Suspension of performance -- Contract law terminology in context -- Contract law vocabulary -- Contract law case discussions -- Contract law knowledge questions -- Chapter 6: Company law terminology.
1 INTRODUCTION -- 2 UNINCORPORATED BUSINESS ORGANISATIONS -- 2.1 Sole trader -- 2.2 Partnership -- 2.2.1 Legal structure of a partnership -- 2.2.2 Liability of the partners -- 3 REGISTERED COMPANIES -- 3.1 Types of registered company -- 3.2 Legal person -- 3.3 Formation of a company -- 3.4 Registration -- 3.5 Public and private companies -- 3.5.1 Public company -- 3.5.2 Private company -- 3.6 The company's constitution -- 3.6.1 The purpose of incorporation -- 3.6.2 Articles of association -- 3.7 Capital -- 3.7.1 Shares -- 3.7.2 Altering the share capital -- 3.7.3 Loan capital -- 4 THE MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANY -- 4.1 Definition of director -- 4.2 Appointment and removal of directors -- 4.3 Types of directors -- 4.4 Board of directors -- 4.5 Directors' duties -- 4.5.1 Duty to act within powers -- 4.5.2 Duty to promote the success of the company -- 4.5.3 Duty to exercise independent judgment -- 4.5.4 Duty to exercise reasonable care, skill and diligence -- 4.5.5 Duty to avoid conflict of interest -- 4.5.6 Duty not to accept benefits from third parties -- 4.5.7 Duty to declare interests in proposed transactions or arrangements -- 4.5.8 Effect of a breach of duty -- 4.6 The company secretary -- 4.7 Auditor -- 5 THE SHAREHOLDERS -- 5.1 Meetings -- 5.2 Types of resolutions -- 5.3 Minority shareholders -- 6 THE COMPANY IN DEFAULT -- 7 THE DISSOLUTION OF BUSINESS ORGANISATIONS -- 7.1 Dissolution of a partnership -- 7.2 Personal insolvency -- 7.3 Dissolution of a registered company -- 7.4 Winding up -- 7.4.1 The role of the liquidator -- 7.4.2 Special creditor rights -- 7.5 Alternatives to winding up -- Company law terminology in context -- Company law vocabulary -- Company law case discussions -- Company law knowledge questions -- Bibliography -- Appendix -- McLoughlin v O' Brain and others -- Donoghue (or McAlister) v Stevenson: [1932] All ER Rep 1.
Appendix 3 Extract from a statute: the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 (Crown Copyright, Internet version).
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Cover -- English legal terminology: Legal concepts in language -- Preface to the fourth edition -- Preface to the first edition: acknowledgments -- Contents -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: Legal system terminology -- 1 INTRODUCTION -- 2 THE COURT STRUCTURE -- 2.1 England -- 2.2 United States -- 2.2.1 Federal court structure -- 2.2.2 State court structure -- 2.3 Translation note -- 2.4 Alternatives to the courts -- 3 THE LEGAL PROFESSION -- 3.1 England -- 3.1.1 Solicitor -- 3.1.2 Barrister -- 3.2 United States -- 3.3 Judges in the common law system -- 3.3.1 The jury -- 4 OPERATION OF A COMMON LAW SYSTEM -- 4.1 Legislation -- 4.1.1 The English system -- 4.1.2 The system in the United States -- 4.2 Equity -- 4.3 The common law: case law -- 4.3.1 Binding precedent -- 4.3.2 Case reports -- 4.3.3 Appeal -- Legal system terminology in context -- Legal system vocabulary -- Legal system discussion questions -- Legal system knowledge questions -- Chapter 2: Civil procedure terminology -- 1 INTRODUCTION -- 2 CIVIL PROCEDURE IN ENGLAND -- 2.1 The civil courts in England -- 2.1.1 Magistrates' Court -- 2.1.2 The Family Court -- 2.1.3 County Court -- 2.1.4 The High Court -- 2.1.5 The Appeal Courts -- 2.1.6 Other civil courts -- 2.2 Civil procedure reforms in England -- 2.3 Commencing civil proceedings in England -- 2.3.1 The claimant -- 2.3.2 Bringing an action -- 2.3.3 Defending an action -- 2.3.4 Statements of case -- 2.4 Summary judgment -- 2.5 Settlement -- 2.6 Case management -- 2.6.1 Order for disclosure of documents -- 2.6.2 Interim remedies -- 2.7 Trial -- 2.7.1 The trial timetable -- 2.7.2 Evidence -- 2.7.3 The burden and standard of proof -- 2.8 Appeal -- 2.9 Costs -- 2.9.1 Awards of costs -- 2.9.2 Legal fees -- 2.10 Enforcement of judgments -- 2.10.1 Seizure of goods -- 2.10.2 Third party debt orders -- 2.10.3 Charging orders.

2.10.4 Equitable receivership -- 2.10.5 Non-money judgments -- 2.11 Judicial review -- 3 CIVIL PROCEDURE IN THE UNITED STATES -- 3.1 Civil jurisdiction in the United States -- 3.2 Commencing proceedings in the United States -- 3.2.1 The plaintiff -- 3.2.2 Bringing an action -- 3.2.3 Defending an action -- 3.3 Motion to dismiss and summary judgment -- 3.4 Pre-trial -- 3.5 Trial -- 3.6 Appeal -- 3.7 Enforcement of judgments -- 3.8 Judicial review -- 3.9 Costs -- Civil procedure terminology in context -- Civil procedure vocabulary -- Civil procedure discussion questions and case discussion -- Civil procedure knowledge questions -- Chapter 3: European Union law terminology -- 1 INTRODUCTION -- 2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND -- 3 THE MAIN SOURCES OF EU LAW -- 3.1 Primary sources of law: the treaties -- 3.2 Secondary sources: secondary legislation -- 3.2.1 Regulations -- 3.2.2 Directives -- 3.2.3 Decisions -- 3.2.4 Non-binding measures -- 3.3 General principles of EU law -- 3.3.1 Proportionality -- 3.3.2 Legal certainty -- 3.3.3 Procedural rights -- 3.3.4 Principle of equality -- 3.3.5 Protection of human rights -- 3.4 Decisions of the Court of Justice -- 4 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EU LAW AND NATIONAL LAW -- 4.1 Principle of supremacy and the principle of conferral -- 4.2 Principle of subsidiarity and the principle of proportionality -- 4.3 Direct applicability -- 4.4 Direct effect -- 4.4.1 Vertical and horizontal direct effect -- 4.4.2 Direct effect of Treaty provisions -- 4.4.3 Direct effect of regulations -- 4.4.4 Direct effect of directives -- 5 EUROPEAN UNION INSTITUTIONS -- 5.1 The European Commission -- 5.2 The Council of the European Union -- 5.3 European Parliament -- 5.4 The European Council -- 5.5 The EU legal order: the Court of Justice of the European Union -- 5.5.1 Court of Justice: personnel -- 5.5.2 Court of Justice: procedures.

5.6 The General Court -- 5.7 The Civil Service Tribunal -- 5.8 Subsidiary institutions -- 6 THE INTERNAL MARKET -- 6.1 Free movement of goods -- 6.2 Free movement of workers -- 6.3 Freedom of establishment and the freedom to provide services -- 6.4 The free movement of capital -- 7 COMPETITION LAW -- 7.1 Article 101 TFEU: restrictive practices -- 7.2 Article 102 TFEU: abuse of a dominant position -- European Union law terminology in context -- European Union law vocabulary -- European Union law case discussions -- European Union law knowledge questions -- Chapter 4: Tort terminology -- 1 INTRODUCTION -- 2 PARTIES -- 3 INTENTIONAL TORTS TO PERSON AND PROPERTY -- 3.1 Intentional interference with the person -- 3.2 Intentional interference with property -- 3.2.1 Intentional interference with chattels -- 3.2.2 Conversion -- 3.2.3 Intentional interference with land -- 3.3 Defences to the intentional torts -- 4 NEGLIGENCE -- 4.1 Requirements -- 4.1.1 Duty of care at common law -- 4.1.2 Duty of care and psychiatric injury -- 4.1.3 Duty of care and economic loss -- 4.2 Statutory duties of care -- 4.3 Breach of duty -- 4.4 Causation and remoteness of damage -- 4.5 Defences -- 4.5.1 Contributory negligence -- 4.5.2 Volenti non fit injuria -- 5 STATUTORY PRODUCT LIABILITY -- 6 OCCUPIER'S LIABILITY -- 7 NUISANCE -- 7.1 Private nuisance -- 7.2 Public nuisance -- 7.3 Rule in Rylands v Fletcher -- 8 DISCRIMINATION TORTS -- 9 DEFAMATION -- 9.1 Requirements -- 9.2 Defences to defamation -- 10 TORT OF INVASION OF PRIVACY -- 11 ECONOMIC TORTS -- 12 REMEDIES IN TORT -- 12.1 Damages -- 12.2 Injunction -- Tort terminology in context -- Tort vocabulary -- Tort case discussions -- Tort knowledge questions -- Chapter 5: Contract law terminology -- 1 INTRODUCTION -- 2 THE FORM OF A CONTRACT -- 3 FORMATION OF A CONTRACT -- 3.1 Offer and acceptance -- 3.1.1 Offer.

3.1.2 Invitation to treat -- 3.1.3 Tender -- 3.1.4 Communication of the offer -- 3.1.5 Certainty of terms -- 3.1.6 Termination of an offer -- 3.2 Acceptance -- 3.2.1 The postal rule -- 3.2.2 The 'battle of the forms' -- 3.3 Intention to create legal relations -- 3.3.1 Presumptions -- 3.3.2 Pre-contractual liability -- 3.4 Consideration -- 3.4.1 Types of consideration -- 3.4.2 Nature of consideration -- 3.4.3 Promissory estoppel -- 4 CAPACITY -- 5 PARTIES TO THE CONTRACT -- 6 CONTENTS OF THE CONTRACT -- 6.1 The parol evidence rule -- 6.2 Pre-contractual phase -- 6.3 Classification of contract terms -- 6.3.1 Condition -- 6.3.2 Warranty -- 6.3.3 Innominate term -- 6.4 Express terms -- 6.5 Implied terms -- 6.5.1 Trade usage -- 6.5.2 Statutory implied terms -- 6.5.3 Terms implied by the courts -- 6.6 Exclusion clauses -- 6.6.1 Judicial rules -- 6.6.2 Legislation -- 7 REASONS TO HAVE A CONTRACT SET ASIDE: VITIATING FACTORS -- 7.1 Misrepresentation -- 7.1.1 Types of misrepresentation -- 7.1.2 Remedies for misrepresentation -- 7.2 Duress and undue influence -- 7.3 Mistake -- 7.4 Illegality -- 7.5 Contracts in restraint of trade -- 8 DISCHARGE OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS -- 8.1 Discharge by performance -- 8.2 Discharge by agreement -- 8.3 Discharge by breach -- 8.3.1 Termination -- 8.3.2 Termination or rescission? -- 8.4 Discharge by frustration -- 8.4.1 Limits of the doctrine of frustration -- 8.4.2 Consequences of frustration -- 9 REMEDIES FOR BREACH OF CONTRACT -- 9.1 Damages -- 9.1.1 Liquidated damages and penalties -- 9.1.2 Remoteness of damage -- 9.1.3 Mitigation of loss -- 9.2 Quantum meruit -- 9.3 Specific performance -- 9.4 Injunction -- 9.5 Suspension of performance -- Contract law terminology in context -- Contract law vocabulary -- Contract law case discussions -- Contract law knowledge questions -- Chapter 6: Company law terminology.

1 INTRODUCTION -- 2 UNINCORPORATED BUSINESS ORGANISATIONS -- 2.1 Sole trader -- 2.2 Partnership -- 2.2.1 Legal structure of a partnership -- 2.2.2 Liability of the partners -- 3 REGISTERED COMPANIES -- 3.1 Types of registered company -- 3.2 Legal person -- 3.3 Formation of a company -- 3.4 Registration -- 3.5 Public and private companies -- 3.5.1 Public company -- 3.5.2 Private company -- 3.6 The company's constitution -- 3.6.1 The purpose of incorporation -- 3.6.2 Articles of association -- 3.7 Capital -- 3.7.1 Shares -- 3.7.2 Altering the share capital -- 3.7.3 Loan capital -- 4 THE MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANY -- 4.1 Definition of director -- 4.2 Appointment and removal of directors -- 4.3 Types of directors -- 4.4 Board of directors -- 4.5 Directors' duties -- 4.5.1 Duty to act within powers -- 4.5.2 Duty to promote the success of the company -- 4.5.3 Duty to exercise independent judgment -- 4.5.4 Duty to exercise reasonable care, skill and diligence -- 4.5.5 Duty to avoid conflict of interest -- 4.5.6 Duty not to accept benefits from third parties -- 4.5.7 Duty to declare interests in proposed transactions or arrangements -- 4.5.8 Effect of a breach of duty -- 4.6 The company secretary -- 4.7 Auditor -- 5 THE SHAREHOLDERS -- 5.1 Meetings -- 5.2 Types of resolutions -- 5.3 Minority shareholders -- 6 THE COMPANY IN DEFAULT -- 7 THE DISSOLUTION OF BUSINESS ORGANISATIONS -- 7.1 Dissolution of a partnership -- 7.2 Personal insolvency -- 7.3 Dissolution of a registered company -- 7.4 Winding up -- 7.4.1 The role of the liquidator -- 7.4.2 Special creditor rights -- 7.5 Alternatives to winding up -- Company law terminology in context -- Company law vocabulary -- Company law case discussions -- Company law knowledge questions -- Bibliography -- Appendix -- McLoughlin v O' Brain and others -- Donoghue (or McAlister) v Stevenson: [1932] All ER Rep 1.

Appendix 3 Extract from a statute: the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 (Crown Copyright, Internet version).

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.

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