Safety and Secrecy of Bottled Water.
Navarro, Kelsey E.
Safety and Secrecy of Bottled Water. - 1st ed. - 1 online resource (145 pages) - Water Resource Planning, Development and Management . - Water Resource Planning, Development and Management .
Intro -- SAFETY AND SECRECY OF BOTTLED WATER -- SAFETY AND SECRECY OF BOTTLED WATER -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 BOTTLED WATER: FDA SAFETY AND CONSUMER PROTECTIONS ARE OFTEN LESS STRINGENT THAN COMPARABLE EPA PROTECTIONS FOR TAP WATER -- Why GAO Did This Study -- What GAO Recommends -- What GAO Found -- Abbreviations -- Background -- FDA's Bottled Water Standard of Quality Regulations Are Similar to EPA's Drinking Water Standards, but the Agency's Authority to Enforce Them Is Weaker -- FDA's Standard of Quality Regulations for Bottled Water Generally Mirror EPA's Drinking Water Requirements, Except in the Case of DEHP -- FDA's Regulation of Bottled Water Has Generally Been Limited and Differs from EPA's Regulation of Drinking Water in Key Ways -- FDA's Regulation of Bottled Water Is Generally Weaker Than EPA's Regulation of Tap Water -- FDA's Risk-Based Approach Accords Low Priority to Inspections of Bottled Water Facilities -- State Requirements for Bottled Water Often Exceed FDA's, but Are Still Often Less Comprehensive Than State Requirements to Safeguard Tap Water -- FDA's Oversight of Imported Bottled Water Is Limited -- FDA's Oversight of Bottled Water Is Limited by its Authority under the FFDCA and Its Resource Constraints -- FDA and State Bottled Water Labeling Requirements Resemble Those for Other Food Types, but Demand Less Information Than Is Required for Tap Water -- FDA Regulations Require Bottled Water Labels to Contain Specific Information, in Addition to Information Required for All Food Products -- Many States Have Adopted FDA's Labeling Regulations, but Some States Require That Labels Contain Additional Information -- FDA Identified Methods to Better Inform Customers about the Contents of Bottled Water, but Was Not Required to Implement Them -- Additional Information about Bottled Water Would Be Beneficial to Consumers. Production and Consumption of Bottled Water Has Varied Impacts on the Environment -- Most Plastic Water Bottle Containers Are Discarded Rather Than Recycled, Although They Appear to Have a Minimal Impact on the Nation's Municipal Landfill Capacity -- Manufacture and Transportation of Bottled Water Is Considerably More Energy-Intensive Than for Tap Water, and the Energy Costs Vary Substantially -- Groundwater Extraction for Bottled Water Is Small Relative to Groundwater Withdrawals for Other Uses, but Can Have Noticeable Localized Impacts -- Conclusions -- Recommendations for Executive Action -- Agency Comments and Our Evaluation -- Appendix I. Scope and Methodology -- Appendix II. FDA and IBWA Standards of Quality and Selected EPA Drinking Water Standards -- Appendix III.Telephone Survey Administered to Officials from the 50 States and the District of Columbia, and Summary of Responses -- Appendix IV: Comments from the Department of Health and Human Services' Food and Drug Administration -- End Notes -- Chapter 2 HEARING ON BOTTLED WATER REGULATION -- I. Overview of the Bottled Water Industry -- Background -- Bottled Water Industry Profile -- II. Regulatory Framework -- A. Bottled Water is a Regulated Food Product -- B. Bottled Water Good Manufacturing Practices -- Disinfection and Treatment -- Differences between bottled water and public drinking water monitoring -- C. Standards of Identity -- Labeling -- D. Bottled Water Quality -- Equivalency with Public Drinking Water Standards -- Total Coliform and E. Coli -- Microorganisms -- III. Oversight and Inspections -- Inspections -- FDA Enforcement -- FDA Has Jurisdiction Over Intrastate and Interstate Commerce -- IV. Consumer Access to Bottled Water Information -- V. Environmental Impact of Bottled Water -- Packaging -- VI. Water Stewardship. VII. Bottled Water Plays a Vital Role in Disaster Response -- VIII. Conclusion -- Appendix A. 2007 Monitoring Matrix IBWA Model Code Monitoring Requirements -- FDA D/DBP Rule Monitoring Requirements -- Public Water System (PWS) Source Water -- Natural Water Sources -- ALL FINISHED PRODUCTS -- FDA Requirements for Fluoride in Bottled Water -- End Notes -- Chapter 3 FDA SAFETY AND CONSUMER PROTECTIONS ARE OFTEN LESS STRINGENT THAN COMPARABLE EPA PROTECTIONS FOR TAP WATER -- End Notes -- Chapter 4 THE REGULATION OF BOTTLED WATER -- 1. Consumers have a Right to Know Where Their Bottled Water Comes from -- 2. Consumers Have a Right to Know how Their Bottled Water is Treated -- 3. Consumers Have a Right to Know What Pollutants Are in Their Bottled Water -- 4. Many Bottled Water Labels' Health Claims and Claims of Purity Are Potentially Misleading -- Recommendations -- References -- End Notes -- Chapter 5 HEARING ON REGULATION OF BOTTLED WATER -- FDA Regulation of Bottled Water -- Inspection of Bottled Water Plants -- Sampling and Testing -- State and Local Regulations -- Developing New FDA Regulations -- Recent Regulatory Activities -- Issues Regarding FDA's Regulation of Bottled Water -- General Accountability Office (GAO) Report -- DEHP -- Bottled Water Feasibility Study on Additional Disclosures to Consumers -- Food Safety Enhancement Act (FSEA) -- Conclusion -- Appendix -- INDEX -- Blank Page.
9781612096049
Bottled water -- Law and legislation -- United States.
Food industry and trade -- Law and legislation -- United States.
Electronic books.
KF1940.M5 -- S24 2010eb
344.7304/2
Safety and Secrecy of Bottled Water. - 1st ed. - 1 online resource (145 pages) - Water Resource Planning, Development and Management . - Water Resource Planning, Development and Management .
Intro -- SAFETY AND SECRECY OF BOTTLED WATER -- SAFETY AND SECRECY OF BOTTLED WATER -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 BOTTLED WATER: FDA SAFETY AND CONSUMER PROTECTIONS ARE OFTEN LESS STRINGENT THAN COMPARABLE EPA PROTECTIONS FOR TAP WATER -- Why GAO Did This Study -- What GAO Recommends -- What GAO Found -- Abbreviations -- Background -- FDA's Bottled Water Standard of Quality Regulations Are Similar to EPA's Drinking Water Standards, but the Agency's Authority to Enforce Them Is Weaker -- FDA's Standard of Quality Regulations for Bottled Water Generally Mirror EPA's Drinking Water Requirements, Except in the Case of DEHP -- FDA's Regulation of Bottled Water Has Generally Been Limited and Differs from EPA's Regulation of Drinking Water in Key Ways -- FDA's Regulation of Bottled Water Is Generally Weaker Than EPA's Regulation of Tap Water -- FDA's Risk-Based Approach Accords Low Priority to Inspections of Bottled Water Facilities -- State Requirements for Bottled Water Often Exceed FDA's, but Are Still Often Less Comprehensive Than State Requirements to Safeguard Tap Water -- FDA's Oversight of Imported Bottled Water Is Limited -- FDA's Oversight of Bottled Water Is Limited by its Authority under the FFDCA and Its Resource Constraints -- FDA and State Bottled Water Labeling Requirements Resemble Those for Other Food Types, but Demand Less Information Than Is Required for Tap Water -- FDA Regulations Require Bottled Water Labels to Contain Specific Information, in Addition to Information Required for All Food Products -- Many States Have Adopted FDA's Labeling Regulations, but Some States Require That Labels Contain Additional Information -- FDA Identified Methods to Better Inform Customers about the Contents of Bottled Water, but Was Not Required to Implement Them -- Additional Information about Bottled Water Would Be Beneficial to Consumers. Production and Consumption of Bottled Water Has Varied Impacts on the Environment -- Most Plastic Water Bottle Containers Are Discarded Rather Than Recycled, Although They Appear to Have a Minimal Impact on the Nation's Municipal Landfill Capacity -- Manufacture and Transportation of Bottled Water Is Considerably More Energy-Intensive Than for Tap Water, and the Energy Costs Vary Substantially -- Groundwater Extraction for Bottled Water Is Small Relative to Groundwater Withdrawals for Other Uses, but Can Have Noticeable Localized Impacts -- Conclusions -- Recommendations for Executive Action -- Agency Comments and Our Evaluation -- Appendix I. Scope and Methodology -- Appendix II. FDA and IBWA Standards of Quality and Selected EPA Drinking Water Standards -- Appendix III.Telephone Survey Administered to Officials from the 50 States and the District of Columbia, and Summary of Responses -- Appendix IV: Comments from the Department of Health and Human Services' Food and Drug Administration -- End Notes -- Chapter 2 HEARING ON BOTTLED WATER REGULATION -- I. Overview of the Bottled Water Industry -- Background -- Bottled Water Industry Profile -- II. Regulatory Framework -- A. Bottled Water is a Regulated Food Product -- B. Bottled Water Good Manufacturing Practices -- Disinfection and Treatment -- Differences between bottled water and public drinking water monitoring -- C. Standards of Identity -- Labeling -- D. Bottled Water Quality -- Equivalency with Public Drinking Water Standards -- Total Coliform and E. Coli -- Microorganisms -- III. Oversight and Inspections -- Inspections -- FDA Enforcement -- FDA Has Jurisdiction Over Intrastate and Interstate Commerce -- IV. Consumer Access to Bottled Water Information -- V. Environmental Impact of Bottled Water -- Packaging -- VI. Water Stewardship. VII. Bottled Water Plays a Vital Role in Disaster Response -- VIII. Conclusion -- Appendix A. 2007 Monitoring Matrix IBWA Model Code Monitoring Requirements -- FDA D/DBP Rule Monitoring Requirements -- Public Water System (PWS) Source Water -- Natural Water Sources -- ALL FINISHED PRODUCTS -- FDA Requirements for Fluoride in Bottled Water -- End Notes -- Chapter 3 FDA SAFETY AND CONSUMER PROTECTIONS ARE OFTEN LESS STRINGENT THAN COMPARABLE EPA PROTECTIONS FOR TAP WATER -- End Notes -- Chapter 4 THE REGULATION OF BOTTLED WATER -- 1. Consumers have a Right to Know Where Their Bottled Water Comes from -- 2. Consumers Have a Right to Know how Their Bottled Water is Treated -- 3. Consumers Have a Right to Know What Pollutants Are in Their Bottled Water -- 4. Many Bottled Water Labels' Health Claims and Claims of Purity Are Potentially Misleading -- Recommendations -- References -- End Notes -- Chapter 5 HEARING ON REGULATION OF BOTTLED WATER -- FDA Regulation of Bottled Water -- Inspection of Bottled Water Plants -- Sampling and Testing -- State and Local Regulations -- Developing New FDA Regulations -- Recent Regulatory Activities -- Issues Regarding FDA's Regulation of Bottled Water -- General Accountability Office (GAO) Report -- DEHP -- Bottled Water Feasibility Study on Additional Disclosures to Consumers -- Food Safety Enhancement Act (FSEA) -- Conclusion -- Appendix -- INDEX -- Blank Page.
9781612096049
Bottled water -- Law and legislation -- United States.
Food industry and trade -- Law and legislation -- United States.
Electronic books.
KF1940.M5 -- S24 2010eb
344.7304/2