Spondylolisthesis : Diagnosis, Non-Surgical Management, and Surgical Techniques.
Wollowick, Adam L.
Spondylolisthesis : Diagnosis, Non-Surgical Management, and Surgical Techniques. - 1st ed. - 1 online resource (362 pages)
Intro -- Dedication -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I: Basic Principles, Diagnosis, and Nonsurgical Management -- 1: Spondylolisthesis: A Historical Perspective on Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment -- Introduction -- Etiology -- Diagnosis -- Treatment -- References -- 2: Anatomy and Biomechanics Relevant to Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Biomechanics -- Spinal Balance -- Sacropelvic Alignment -- Lumbosacral Dysplasia -- Conclusions -- References -- 3: Pain Generators in Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Discogenic Pain -- Facet Joints -- Neurologic Compression -- Pars Interarticularis -- Axial Pain from Sagittal Imbalance -- The Clinical Scenario -- References -- 4: Clinical Evaluation of Pediatric Patient with Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- History -- Evaluation -- Palpation -- Range of Motion -- Gait -- Neurologic Exam -- Special Tests -- Conclusion -- References -- 5: Clinical Evaluation of Adult Patient with Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Isthmic Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Patient History -- Low Back Pain -- Neurologic Symptoms -- Physical Exam -- Imaging -- Diagnosis -- Lumbosacral Analysis -- Level and Degree of Slip -- Lumbosacral Angle -- Lumbar Index -- Sacral Inclination -- Sacral Rounding -- Spina Bifida Occulta -- Spinopelvic Analysis and Sagittal Balance -- Pelvic Incidence, Sacral Slope and Pelvic Tilt -- Global Sagittal Balance -- Advanced Imaging -- Degenerative Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Patient History -- Low Back Pain -- Neurogenic Claudication and Radiculopathy -- Physical Exam -- Radiographic Exam -- Radiographic Diagnosis -- Advanced Imaging -- Clinical Correlation -- References -- 6: Imaging Techniques for the Diagnosis of Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Radiography -- Radiographic Examinations -- Frontal Radiographs -- Lateral Radiographs -- Oblique Radiographs. Radiographic Anatomy -- Frontal Radiographs -- Lateral Radiographs -- Oblique Radiographs -- Radiographic Diagnosis and Grading of Spondylolisthesis -- Additional Radiographic Observations in Spondylolisthesis -- Spondylolysis -- Dysplastic or Dystrophic Changes -- Degenerative Intervertebral Disc Disease and Facet Arthropathy -- Spondylolisthesis in Patients with Scoliosis -- "Inverted Napoleon's Hat" Sign -- Spinous Process Tilt or Rotation -- Radiographic Measurements -- Radiographic Assessment of Instability -- Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- MRI Scanning Sequences and Anatomy -- MRI Findings in Spondylolisthesis -- Limitations of MRI -- Computed Tomography -- CT Anatomy and Findings in Spondylolisthesis -- CT Myelography -- Nuclear Medicine Studies -- Bone Scintigraphy with Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography -- Positron-Emission Tomography Bone Scintigraphy -- Imaging Findings in Spondylolisthesis According to Etiology -- Dysplastic Spondylolisthesis -- Isthmic Spondylolisthesis -- Degenerative Spondylolisthesis -- Traumatic Spondylolisthesis -- Pathological Spondylolisthesis -- Post-operative Spondylolisthesis -- Radiation Safety -- Patient Radiation Dose -- Effective Dose -- Radiography -- Computed Tomography -- Nuclear Medicine Imaging -- Intraoperative Imaging -- Radiation Risk Factors -- Summary -- References -- 7: Classification of Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Meyerding Classification -- Wiltse Classification -- Marchetti and Bartolozzi Classification -- Developmental Spondylolisthesis -- Acquired Spondylolisthesis -- Herman Classification -- Mac-Thiong Classification -- SDSG Classification -- Conclusion -- References -- 8: Role of the Pelvis in the Diagnosis and Management of L5-S1 Spondylolisthesis -- The Pelvis: From Quadrupeds to Humans -- Spino-Pelvic Measures and Their Variations in Normal Humans. The Pelvis in L5-S1 Spondylolisthesis -- L5-S1 Spondylisthesis Classification Based on Sagittal Posture and Its Clinical Relevance -- References -- 9: Non-operative Treatment of Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Natural History -- Risk Factors for Progression -- Treatment Options -- Medical Treatment -- Modalities -- Physical Therapy -- Bracing -- Treatment Protocols -- Author's Recommendations -- Conclusion -- References -- 10: Non-surgical Management of Spondylolisthesis in Adults -- Introduction -- Treatment -- Physical Therapy -- Bracing -- Non-narcotic Medications -- Corticosteroid Injections -- Alternative Therapy -- Conservative Management vs. Surgery -- Spine Patient Outcomes Research Trial -- Möller's Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial -- Other Studies -- Recommendations -- Authors Approach -- Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Surgical Techniques -- 11: Surgical Techniques: Spondylolysis Repair -- Introduction -- Diagnostic Imaging -- Indications for Pars Repair -- Unremitting Pain/Increasing Pain Attributed to the Pars Defect -- Age -- Segmental Instability and Degenerative Disc -- Unilateral vs. Bilateral Pars Defects -- Surgical Treatment -- The Evolution -- Surgical Technique -- Positioning -- Direct Laminar/Pars Compression Screw Fixation -- Pedicle Screw, Rod, and Laminar Hook Construct -- Postoperative Care -- Surgical Outcome -- References -- 12: Decompression and Spinal Fusion in Low Grade Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Indications for Surgical Treatment -- Surgical Techniques -- Decompression -- Decompression with Fusion Without Instrumentation -- Decompression with Fusion and Instrumentation -- Summary -- References -- 13: Surgical Techniques: Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion -- Introduction -- Indications for PLIF -- Interbody Fusion Versus Posterolateral Fusion Alone -- Contraindications to PLIF. PLIF Versus Other Forms of Interbody Fusion -- vs. ALIF -- vs. XLIF/DLIF -- vs. TLIF -- Surgical Technique -- Reduction of Spondylolisthesis and Deformity Correction Using the PLIF -- Depth -- Unilateral Versus Bilateral PLIF -- Cage Selection and the Use of RhBMP2 -- Complications: Prevention and Management -- Great Vessel Injury -- Adjacent Segment Degeneration -- Neurologic Injury -- Durotomy -- Interbody Migration -- Pseudarthrosis/Failure of Fusion -- Infection -- Conclusion -- References -- 14: Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion -- History -- Preoperative Evaluation -- Surgical Technique -- Lumbar and Lumbosacral Retroperitoneal Approach -- Lumbar Transperitoneal Approach -- Interbody Graft -- Outcomes -- Complications -- References -- 15: Minimally Invasive TLIF for Adult Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Contraindications -- Obesity -- Revision Surgery -- High-Grade Listhesis (Grade 3 or 4) -- Three (or More) Level Fusions -- Deformity Correction -- Equipment Required -- Procedure -- Anesthesia and Position -- Procedure -- Special Situations -- High-Grade Adult Spondylolisthesis -- Two-Level Fusion -- Revision Decompression and Fusion -- Pitfalls -- Incidental Durotomy -- Poor Visualization due to Muscle Creep -- Summary -- References -- 16: Surgical Technique: Lateral Interbody Fusion for Adult Spondylolisthesis -- Background -- Surgical Procedure -- Patient Selection and Indications -- Surgical Technique -- Neuromonitoring -- Appropriate Patient Positioning -- Retroperitoneal Access -- Psoas Traverse -- Disc Space Preparation -- Device Insertion -- Closure -- Postoperative Care -- Current Results -- Conclusion -- References -- 17: Presacral Fusion for Adult Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Anatomy of the Region of Interest, the Presacral Space -- Biomechanics of Axial fusion -- Preoperative Planning and Positioning -- Access. Dissection (Mini-Open Technique) -- Complication Avoidance -- Presacral Access -- Complication Avoidance -- Trajectory -- Complication Avoidance -- Dilating -- Drilling S1: 9 mm Drill -- Discectomy at L5/S1 -- Complication Avoidance -- Bone Grafting at L5/S1 -- Complication Avoidance -- Dilating: 12 mm Dilator -- Drilling S1: 10.5 mm Drill -- Advance 12 mm Sheath -- Drilling L5 Endplate: 10.5 mm Drill -- Complication Avoidance -- Dilator Trial Insertion and Implant Size Selection -- Exchange System -- Complication Avoidance -- Implant Delivery -- S1 Distraction -- Complication Avoidance -- Fixation Rod Insertion -- Complication Avoidance -- Finish and Close -- Complication Avoidance -- Conclusion -- References -- 18: Surgical Techniques: Management of High-Grade Spondylolisthesis Including Reduction Techniques -- Introduction -- Pathomechanics of High-Grade Spondylolisthesis -- Classification of Spondylolisthesis -- Treatment Algorithm: High-Grade Spondylolisthesis -- Controversies -- Described Surgical Techniques -- Open Procedure -- Positioning and Approach -- Open Reduction -- Minimally Invasive Procedure -- Positioning and Approach -- Reduction -- Interbody Fusion -- Authors' Preferred Management -- Preoperative Planning -- Surgical Technique -- Complications -- Conclusions -- References -- 19: Management of Spondyloptosis -- Introduction -- Clinical Presentation -- Diagnostic Imaging -- Treatment Non-operative -- Operative Management -- Case Presentation -- Surgical Technique -- Patient Positioning -- References -- 20: Management of Traumatic Spondylolisthesis: Cervical and Lumbar -- Introduction -- Cervical Spine: Anatomic Considerations in Injury Patterns -- Traumatic Spondylolisthesis of the Axis -- Management of TSA -- Traumatic Spondylolisthesis of the Subaxial Cervical Spine. Lumbar Spine: Anatomic Considerations and Traumatic Spondylolisthesis.
9781489975751
Spondylolisthesis.
Spondylotherapy.
Spine -- Abnormalities.
Spine -- Surgery.
Electronic books.
RD701-811
616.73
Spondylolisthesis : Diagnosis, Non-Surgical Management, and Surgical Techniques. - 1st ed. - 1 online resource (362 pages)
Intro -- Dedication -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I: Basic Principles, Diagnosis, and Nonsurgical Management -- 1: Spondylolisthesis: A Historical Perspective on Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment -- Introduction -- Etiology -- Diagnosis -- Treatment -- References -- 2: Anatomy and Biomechanics Relevant to Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Biomechanics -- Spinal Balance -- Sacropelvic Alignment -- Lumbosacral Dysplasia -- Conclusions -- References -- 3: Pain Generators in Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Discogenic Pain -- Facet Joints -- Neurologic Compression -- Pars Interarticularis -- Axial Pain from Sagittal Imbalance -- The Clinical Scenario -- References -- 4: Clinical Evaluation of Pediatric Patient with Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- History -- Evaluation -- Palpation -- Range of Motion -- Gait -- Neurologic Exam -- Special Tests -- Conclusion -- References -- 5: Clinical Evaluation of Adult Patient with Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Isthmic Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Patient History -- Low Back Pain -- Neurologic Symptoms -- Physical Exam -- Imaging -- Diagnosis -- Lumbosacral Analysis -- Level and Degree of Slip -- Lumbosacral Angle -- Lumbar Index -- Sacral Inclination -- Sacral Rounding -- Spina Bifida Occulta -- Spinopelvic Analysis and Sagittal Balance -- Pelvic Incidence, Sacral Slope and Pelvic Tilt -- Global Sagittal Balance -- Advanced Imaging -- Degenerative Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Patient History -- Low Back Pain -- Neurogenic Claudication and Radiculopathy -- Physical Exam -- Radiographic Exam -- Radiographic Diagnosis -- Advanced Imaging -- Clinical Correlation -- References -- 6: Imaging Techniques for the Diagnosis of Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Radiography -- Radiographic Examinations -- Frontal Radiographs -- Lateral Radiographs -- Oblique Radiographs. Radiographic Anatomy -- Frontal Radiographs -- Lateral Radiographs -- Oblique Radiographs -- Radiographic Diagnosis and Grading of Spondylolisthesis -- Additional Radiographic Observations in Spondylolisthesis -- Spondylolysis -- Dysplastic or Dystrophic Changes -- Degenerative Intervertebral Disc Disease and Facet Arthropathy -- Spondylolisthesis in Patients with Scoliosis -- "Inverted Napoleon's Hat" Sign -- Spinous Process Tilt or Rotation -- Radiographic Measurements -- Radiographic Assessment of Instability -- Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- MRI Scanning Sequences and Anatomy -- MRI Findings in Spondylolisthesis -- Limitations of MRI -- Computed Tomography -- CT Anatomy and Findings in Spondylolisthesis -- CT Myelography -- Nuclear Medicine Studies -- Bone Scintigraphy with Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography -- Positron-Emission Tomography Bone Scintigraphy -- Imaging Findings in Spondylolisthesis According to Etiology -- Dysplastic Spondylolisthesis -- Isthmic Spondylolisthesis -- Degenerative Spondylolisthesis -- Traumatic Spondylolisthesis -- Pathological Spondylolisthesis -- Post-operative Spondylolisthesis -- Radiation Safety -- Patient Radiation Dose -- Effective Dose -- Radiography -- Computed Tomography -- Nuclear Medicine Imaging -- Intraoperative Imaging -- Radiation Risk Factors -- Summary -- References -- 7: Classification of Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Meyerding Classification -- Wiltse Classification -- Marchetti and Bartolozzi Classification -- Developmental Spondylolisthesis -- Acquired Spondylolisthesis -- Herman Classification -- Mac-Thiong Classification -- SDSG Classification -- Conclusion -- References -- 8: Role of the Pelvis in the Diagnosis and Management of L5-S1 Spondylolisthesis -- The Pelvis: From Quadrupeds to Humans -- Spino-Pelvic Measures and Their Variations in Normal Humans. The Pelvis in L5-S1 Spondylolisthesis -- L5-S1 Spondylisthesis Classification Based on Sagittal Posture and Its Clinical Relevance -- References -- 9: Non-operative Treatment of Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Natural History -- Risk Factors for Progression -- Treatment Options -- Medical Treatment -- Modalities -- Physical Therapy -- Bracing -- Treatment Protocols -- Author's Recommendations -- Conclusion -- References -- 10: Non-surgical Management of Spondylolisthesis in Adults -- Introduction -- Treatment -- Physical Therapy -- Bracing -- Non-narcotic Medications -- Corticosteroid Injections -- Alternative Therapy -- Conservative Management vs. Surgery -- Spine Patient Outcomes Research Trial -- Möller's Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial -- Other Studies -- Recommendations -- Authors Approach -- Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Surgical Techniques -- 11: Surgical Techniques: Spondylolysis Repair -- Introduction -- Diagnostic Imaging -- Indications for Pars Repair -- Unremitting Pain/Increasing Pain Attributed to the Pars Defect -- Age -- Segmental Instability and Degenerative Disc -- Unilateral vs. Bilateral Pars Defects -- Surgical Treatment -- The Evolution -- Surgical Technique -- Positioning -- Direct Laminar/Pars Compression Screw Fixation -- Pedicle Screw, Rod, and Laminar Hook Construct -- Postoperative Care -- Surgical Outcome -- References -- 12: Decompression and Spinal Fusion in Low Grade Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Indications for Surgical Treatment -- Surgical Techniques -- Decompression -- Decompression with Fusion Without Instrumentation -- Decompression with Fusion and Instrumentation -- Summary -- References -- 13: Surgical Techniques: Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion -- Introduction -- Indications for PLIF -- Interbody Fusion Versus Posterolateral Fusion Alone -- Contraindications to PLIF. PLIF Versus Other Forms of Interbody Fusion -- vs. ALIF -- vs. XLIF/DLIF -- vs. TLIF -- Surgical Technique -- Reduction of Spondylolisthesis and Deformity Correction Using the PLIF -- Depth -- Unilateral Versus Bilateral PLIF -- Cage Selection and the Use of RhBMP2 -- Complications: Prevention and Management -- Great Vessel Injury -- Adjacent Segment Degeneration -- Neurologic Injury -- Durotomy -- Interbody Migration -- Pseudarthrosis/Failure of Fusion -- Infection -- Conclusion -- References -- 14: Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion -- History -- Preoperative Evaluation -- Surgical Technique -- Lumbar and Lumbosacral Retroperitoneal Approach -- Lumbar Transperitoneal Approach -- Interbody Graft -- Outcomes -- Complications -- References -- 15: Minimally Invasive TLIF for Adult Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Contraindications -- Obesity -- Revision Surgery -- High-Grade Listhesis (Grade 3 or 4) -- Three (or More) Level Fusions -- Deformity Correction -- Equipment Required -- Procedure -- Anesthesia and Position -- Procedure -- Special Situations -- High-Grade Adult Spondylolisthesis -- Two-Level Fusion -- Revision Decompression and Fusion -- Pitfalls -- Incidental Durotomy -- Poor Visualization due to Muscle Creep -- Summary -- References -- 16: Surgical Technique: Lateral Interbody Fusion for Adult Spondylolisthesis -- Background -- Surgical Procedure -- Patient Selection and Indications -- Surgical Technique -- Neuromonitoring -- Appropriate Patient Positioning -- Retroperitoneal Access -- Psoas Traverse -- Disc Space Preparation -- Device Insertion -- Closure -- Postoperative Care -- Current Results -- Conclusion -- References -- 17: Presacral Fusion for Adult Spondylolisthesis -- Introduction -- Anatomy of the Region of Interest, the Presacral Space -- Biomechanics of Axial fusion -- Preoperative Planning and Positioning -- Access. Dissection (Mini-Open Technique) -- Complication Avoidance -- Presacral Access -- Complication Avoidance -- Trajectory -- Complication Avoidance -- Dilating -- Drilling S1: 9 mm Drill -- Discectomy at L5/S1 -- Complication Avoidance -- Bone Grafting at L5/S1 -- Complication Avoidance -- Dilating: 12 mm Dilator -- Drilling S1: 10.5 mm Drill -- Advance 12 mm Sheath -- Drilling L5 Endplate: 10.5 mm Drill -- Complication Avoidance -- Dilator Trial Insertion and Implant Size Selection -- Exchange System -- Complication Avoidance -- Implant Delivery -- S1 Distraction -- Complication Avoidance -- Fixation Rod Insertion -- Complication Avoidance -- Finish and Close -- Complication Avoidance -- Conclusion -- References -- 18: Surgical Techniques: Management of High-Grade Spondylolisthesis Including Reduction Techniques -- Introduction -- Pathomechanics of High-Grade Spondylolisthesis -- Classification of Spondylolisthesis -- Treatment Algorithm: High-Grade Spondylolisthesis -- Controversies -- Described Surgical Techniques -- Open Procedure -- Positioning and Approach -- Open Reduction -- Minimally Invasive Procedure -- Positioning and Approach -- Reduction -- Interbody Fusion -- Authors' Preferred Management -- Preoperative Planning -- Surgical Technique -- Complications -- Conclusions -- References -- 19: Management of Spondyloptosis -- Introduction -- Clinical Presentation -- Diagnostic Imaging -- Treatment Non-operative -- Operative Management -- Case Presentation -- Surgical Technique -- Patient Positioning -- References -- 20: Management of Traumatic Spondylolisthesis: Cervical and Lumbar -- Introduction -- Cervical Spine: Anatomic Considerations in Injury Patterns -- Traumatic Spondylolisthesis of the Axis -- Management of TSA -- Traumatic Spondylolisthesis of the Subaxial Cervical Spine. Lumbar Spine: Anatomic Considerations and Traumatic Spondylolisthesis.
9781489975751
Spondylolisthesis.
Spondylotherapy.
Spine -- Abnormalities.
Spine -- Surgery.
Electronic books.
RD701-811
616.73