ORPP logo

Brain Injury : Applications from War and Terrorism.

Gean, Alisa D.

Brain Injury : Applications from War and Terrorism. - 1st ed. - 1 online resource (356 pages)

BRAIN INJURY -- CONTENTS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- PREFACE -- FOREWORD -- CHAPTER 1 Introduction -- CHAPTER 2 In Comparison to Prior Wars, More Troops Are Surviving -- CHAPTER 3 Blast Injury Basics -- WHAT HAPPENS DURING ANEXPLOSION? -- Sequence of Events in an IED Explosion -- Idealized Blast Pressure Waveform -- There Are Four Mechanisms of Blast Injury -- Armored Vehicle Capsized by a Roadside IED Explosion -- Blast Injury Terminology -- Primary Blast Injury -- HOW DO SHOCK WAVES INJURE TISSUE? -- SEVERAL THEORIES HAVE BEEN ADVANCED TO EXPLAIN PRIMARY BLAST-INDUCED NEUROTRAUMA (BINT) -- "HERE EDEMA, THERE EDEMA, EVERYWHERE EDEMA, EDEMA!" -- Hyperemic Cerebral Swelling and Scalp Edema (IED Blast Injury) -- Cerebral Edema and Scalp Swelling Are Common in Blast Trauma -- Soft Tissue Edema Is Common in Blast Trauma -- Blast Lung and Foreign Body Embolus -- Cerebral Edema and Hyperemia Are Common in Blast Brain Injury -- Cerebral Edema and Hyperemia Are Common in Blast Brain Injury -- Secondary Blast Injury -- Secondary Blast Injury (Typical Fragmentation Wounds) -- Secondary Blast Brain Injury -- Intracranial Shrapnel -- Tertiary Blast Injury -- Traumatic Axonal Injury -- Tertiary Blast Trauma (Crush Injury) -- Tertiary Blast Trauma (Enlarging Contusions) -- Tertiary Blast Trauma (Crush Injury) -- Tertiary Blast Trauma (Remote Traumatic Axonal Injury) -- Quaternary Blast Injury -- Quaternary Blast Trauma (Thermal and Toxic Inhalation Injury) -- What Determines the Severity of a Blast Injury? -- Protective Body Armor -- How Common Is Blast Brain Injury? -- Screening for TBI -- Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Brain Injury Have Been Shown To Correlate with Patient Outcome -- BIOMARKERS OF BINT, IN PARTICULAR, REMAIN ELUSIVE -- CHAPTER 4 The Weapons of War and Terrorism -- "Homemade" Improvised Explosive Device (IED). Typical IED and Ballistic Fragment -- Vehicle-Borne IED ("Car Bomb" Injury) -- Vehicle-Borne IED ("Car Bomb" Injury) -- Explosively Formed Projectile (EFP) -- Typical Combat Munitions -- Rocket-Propelled Grenade (RPG) Injury -- Landmine Blast Injury -- Bullet Behavior in Tissue -- Basic Firearm Vocabulary -- The Entry Site of a Gunshot Wound Is Always Smaller Than the Exit Site -- "Ammo Anatomy" -- "Ammo Anatomy" -- Bullet Deformity and Fragmentation Increase the Injury -- Ballistic Brain Injury Analogy -- Behavior of a Bullet through the Brain -- Fatal Gunshot Wound Showing Typical Poor Prognostic Imaging Findings -- Shotgun Injuries -- Type II Shotgun Injury to the Face (Acute) -- Type III Shotgun Injury to the Occiput (Chronic) -- Dual-Energy CT Decreases Artifacts from Metallic Foreign Bodies -- Superficial Gunshot Wound -- Penetrating Gunshot Wound -- Gunshot Wound Ricochet Injury -- Gunshot Wound Ricochet Injury -- Gunshot Wound Ricochet Injury -- Bullet Migration -- Delayed Bullet Migration -- Unihemispheric, Nonlethal, Penetrating Gunshot Wound -- Unihemispheric, Nonlethal, Perforating Gunshot Wound (Cerebral Vasopasm External Herniation) -- Bihemispheric, Nonlethal, Perforating Gunshot Wound -- Bihemispheric, Nonlethal, Perforating Gunshot Wound -- Bihemispheric, Lethal, AK-47 Sniper Rifle, Penetrating Gunshot Wound (Full Metal Jacket Bullet) -- Skull Fractures in Gunshot Wounds -- Lethal Gunshot Wounds (Penetrating versus Perforating) -- Typical Perforating Gunshot Wound Exit Site -- Concentric Heaving Skull Fracture in Gunshot Wounds -- Concentric Heaving Skull Fracture in Gunshot Wounds -- Orbital Roof Blow-Down Fracture in Gunshot Wounds -- Lethal Gunshot Wound -- Gunshot Wound Fracture Patterns: Keyhole Fracture -- Nonballistic Penetrating Injury -- Nonballistic Penetrating TBI (Rebar Impalement). Nonballistic Penetrating TBI (Accidental Nail Gun Injury) -- Nonballistic Penetrating TBI (Lawn Dart Injury) -- Penetrating TBI (Non-Accidental Nail Gun Injury) -- Penetrating Craniocervical Injury (Chopstick) -- Nonballistic Penetrating TBI (Phillips Screwdriver) -- Nonballistic Penetrating TBI (Typical Knife Wound to the Head) -- Nonballistic Penetrating TBI (Surfboard to Head) -- Remote Nonballistic Penetrating TBI (Traumatic Pseudoaneurysm) -- Stab Wound to Neck (Embolic Infarction) -- CHAPTER 5 How Does Combat TBI Differ from Civilian TBI? 12 Lessons -- LESSON 1: MILITARY PATIENTS ARE MORE HOMOGENEOUS THAN CIVILIAN PATIENTS -- LESSON 2: PATIENT TRIAGE AND TRANSPORT ARE DIFFERENT -- Patient Transport in War (Five Levels) -- Level 2: Forward Surgical Team (FST) -- Level 3: Combat Support Hospital (CSH) -- Combat Casualty Communication -- Transport from Level 3 to Level 4 -- LESSON 3: THE IMAGING APPROACH IS DIFFERENT IN WAR AND TERRORISM -- Mobile CT Imaging -- Typical IED Blast Injuries to the Extremities -- Typical IED Blast Trauma -- Role of MRI in Combat (and Concussion) -- Wooden Foreign Body (Tree Branch) Mimicking a Pseudoaneurysm on MRI -- LESSON 4: BLAST-RELATED TRAUMA IS THE MOST COMMON MECHANISM OF INJURY IN WAR AND TERRORIST ATTACKS -- Decompressive Hemicraniectomy Performed in a Combat Field Hospital -- "Blast-Plus" Brain Injury -- "Blast-Plus" Brain Injury -- "Blast-Plus" Brain Injury -- "Blast-Plus" Brain Injury -- "Blast-Plus" Brain Injury (Traumatic Axonal Injury) -- "Blast-Plus" Brain Injury (Bus Explosion/Suicide Bomb) -- Cerebral Vasospasm (IED Blast) -- "Blast-Plus" Brain Injury (Subacute Traumatic Axonal Injury) -- "Blast-Plus" Brain Injury (Interval Cerebral Atrophy) -- "Blast-Plus" Brain Injury (Chronic) -- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques in Blast TBI -- Multimodality Imaging (including DTI) in TBI. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) in Repetitive Head Injury -- Magnetoencephalography (MEG) and Magnetic Source Imaging (MSI) in TBI -- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) in TBI -- Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) in TBI -- Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Imaging in TBI -- Magnetoencephalography (MEG) and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) of "Blast-Plus" Brain Injury -- Blast-Induced Neurotrauma (BINT) -- Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) in Blast-Induced Neurotrauma (BINT) -- Primary Blast Brain Injury (Blast-Induced Neurotrauma [BINT]) -- "Blast-Plus" Brain Injury (Diffusion Tensor Imaging) -- LESSON 5: POLYTRAUMA IS MORE COMMON -- Combat, Terrorism, and Natural Disaster Polytrauma -- Combat, Terrorism, and Natural Disaster Polytrauma -- Too Many "-ations" -- Blast Pulmonary Injury -- Pulmonary Laceration (Helicopter Crash) -- Blast Polytrauma -- Spinal Trauma (Humvee IED Blast Injury) -- Spinal Trauma (IED Blast Injury) -- Spine Trauma (IED Blast Injury) -- Imaging Approach Summary -- Multimodality Imaging in TBI -- Multimodality Imaging in TBI -- LESSON 6: LIFE-THREATENING HEMORRHAGE IS MORE COMMON -- LESSON 7: HYPERTHERMIA AND BURNS ARE MORE COMMON -- "Heat Stroke" -- IED Blast Burn Injury -- LESSON 8: ASSESSMENT OF THE TRUE EXTENT OF INJURY IN THE ACUTE SETTING IS MORE DIFFICULT -- "Blast-Plus" TBI (Second Impact Syndrome) -- LESSON 9: FACIAL INJURIES ARE MORE COMMON AND MORE COMPLEX -- Complex Maxillofacial Trauma (AK-47 Gunshot Wound) -- Complex Maxillofacial Injury (Blast Trauma) -- Complex Maxillofacial Injury (Blast Trauma) -- Mandible Blast Injury -- Complex Maxillofacial Injury (Blast Trauma) -- "Blast-Plus" TBI (Post-traumatic Anosmia) -- The Orbits Are the Main Entry Site to the Brain in Blast Trauma -- Bilateral Penetrating Ocular Injury (IED Explosion) -- Unilateral Blunt Orbital and Ocular Trauma. Orbital and Ocular Trauma (Orbital Hematocyst) -- Ocular Trauma (Globe Rupture) -- Orbital Trauma (Orbital Emphysema) -- Orbital Trauma (Optic Canal Fracture) -- Carotid-Cavernous Fistula (Blast Injury) -- Importance of Protective Eyewear in Combat -- Importance of Protective Eyewear in the Garden -- LESSON 10: STROKE AND CEREBROVASCULAR INJURIES ARE MORE COMMON -- Blast-Induced Cerebral Vasospasm -- Multivessel Injury (IED Blast Trauma) -- Vascular Laceration and Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction (IED Explosion) -- Ischemic Infarction and Traumatic Vascular Dissection -- Vascular Dissection (Ischemia without Infarction) -- Vascular Dissection (Preserved Luminal Caliber) -- Pseudoaneurysm and Delayed Migration of a Foreign Body -- Dissection/Pseudoaneurysm (Hand Grenade Injury) -- Traumatic Pseudoaneurysm -- Foreign Body Embolus (IED Blast Injury) -- Intraluminal Thrombus (IED Explosion) -- Foreign Body Embolus (IED Blast Injury) -- Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy (IED Explosion) -- Drowning (Prolonged Extrication from Humvee Rollover into the Tigris River) -- Cerebral Fat Embolism (Humvee Rollover with Femoral Fractures) -- LESSON 11: COMBAT TBI PATIENTS ARE PARTICULARLY VULNERABLE TO SECONDARY TBI -- LESSON 12: POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) IS MORE COMMON FOLLOWING COMBAT THAN FOLLOWING CIVILIAN TRAUMA -- The War Inside -- Who Gets It? -- Why Do We Care So Much? -- How Common Is PTSD in Combat? -- PTSD Also Occurs in Civilian Trauma -- The Symptoms of PTSD Overlap with TBI -- Imaging Applications Are in Their Infancy in Psychiatry, in General, and PTSD in Particular -- Advanced Neuroimaging in PTSD -- Functional MRI in a Memory Suppression -- CHAPTER 6 Transferring Lessons to the Home Front -- LESSONS THAT SHOULD BE APPLIED TO CIVILIAN TRAUMA -- Combat and Terrorist Injuries Are Different from Civilian Injuries. Combat and Terrorist Injuries Are More Severe Than Civilian Injuries.

Brain Injury: Applications from War and Terrorism is a single-authored book written by a world-class neuroradiologist with extensive experience in traumatic brain injury (TBI). It features six graphic-intense chapters depicting and expounding upon the complexity of TBI. Culled from nearly three decades of studying civilian TBI and five years of intensive study of TBI sustained from combat, terrorism, and natural disasters, this work is an exhaustive and innovative authority on the current approaches and applications of civilian and combat TBI. The text is sectored into six chapters based on pathophysiology, each augmented with numerous images and illustrations. The book gives special attention to neuroimaging, but is reinforced with relevant clinical correlation. This monograph is unique because it is first in class as an omnibus for the radiologist, neurologist, neurosurgeon, maxillofacial surgeon, emergency physician, pediatrician, ophthalmologist, and the rehabilitation team. Accompanied by detailed high resolution illustrations with meticulous annotation, Brain Injury: Applications from War and Terrorism contains over 500 curated radiological and clinical images that enhance the concepts detailed in each chapter. Complete with up-to-date references, it is a state of the art resource guide for any member of the team of professionals caring for those who have sustained a traumatic brain injury In the foreword, Bob Woodruff writes - "After the September 11 attacks, [Dr. Gean] realized the significant void in our understanding of brain Injury caused by war and terrorism (and) she was motivated to devote the last four years of her academic pursuits to understanding the similarities and differences between civilian TBI and TBI suffered in war, terrorism, and natural disasters... This extraordinary, magnificently illustrated and unique single-authored textbook, Brain Injury: Applications from War and Terrorism,is the culmination of Dr. Gean's dedication and experience. It's really not just a book - it is a telegraphed documentary of a lifelong conviction to recognizing and responding to TBI by an acknowledged global expert.".

9781496305916


Brain damage -- Patients -- Rehabilitation.
Head -- Wounds and injuries.
Brain -- Wounds and injuries.


Electronic books.

RC387.5 -- .G436 2014eb

617.481044

© 2024 Resource Centre. All rights reserved.