Tax Nexus and Jurisdiction in International and EU Law.
Traversa, Edoardo.
Tax Nexus and Jurisdiction in International and EU Law. - 1st ed. - 1 online resource (283 pages) - GREIT Series ; v.15 . - GREIT Series .
Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Foreword -- Chapter 1: Public International Law and Taxation: Nexus and Territoriality -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. New concepts in international tax law -- 1.2.1. The concepts of single or full taxation -- 1.2.2. The concept of minimum taxation -- 1.3. Nexus/genuine link -- 1.3.1. Nexus and its different requirements, depending on the type of jurisdiction -- 1.3.1.1. Stricter requirements for enforcement -- 1.3.1.2. What is "enforcement"? -- 1.3.1.3. The rule against foreign revenue enforcement -- 1.3.2. Nexus and its different requirements, depending on the type of tax (and taxpayer) -- 1.3.3. The new territoriality -- 1.3.3.1. Territorial or extra-territorial -- 1.3.3.2. Market jurisdiction as a new nexus -- 1.3.3.3. New hybrid taxes enhancing market jurisdiction -- 1.4. Conclusions -- Chapter 2: The Market as a Tax Nexus: The Old, the New and the Unknown -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. The "Old": Market-Based Approach to Nexus in the Pre-BEPS Era -- 2.2.1. Can the "market state" actually be a "source state"? -- 2.2.2. The benefits principle and the market -- 2.2.3. A view of the PE nexus in light of the supply-demand approach -- 2.2.4. Further examples of market-based source rules in tax treaties and domestic law -- 2.3. The "New": BEPS 2.0 and the Creation of a Taxing Right in the Market -- 2.3.1. BEPS 1.0 and the slow recognition of the role of the market -- 2.3.2. The market under Pillar One of BEPS 2.0 -- 2.3.3. Developing countries' response: Article 12B of the UN Model -- 2.4. Conclusions -- Chapter 3: Fundamental Tax Principles and the Role of Market States in the Digitalized Economy: Pillar One Proposal -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Setting the scene: Tax jurisdiction in the age of globalization and digitalization -- 3.3. Analytical framework of fair and efficient taxation. 3.4. Content analysis of the OECD Blueprint and the impact of the October 2021 agreement and the Draft Model Rules -- 3.4.1. Analysis -- 3.4.1.1. Scope -- 3.4.1.2. Nexus -- 3.4.1.3. Revenue-sourcing rules -- 3.4.1.4. Tax base determinations -- 3.4.1.5. Profit allocation -- 3.4.1.6. Elimination of double taxation -- 3.4.2. Evaluation -- 3.5. Conclusions -- Chapter 4: Nexus for Transfer Pricing Purposes Before and After BEPS 2.0: From Form to Substance, and Back to Form? -- 4.1. Nexus for transfer pricing purposes before the Pillar One reform -- 4.2. Nexus for transfer pricing purposes with the Pillar One reform -- Chapter 5: Innovation and Taxation: A Fundamental Approach to Nexus in BEPS Actions 1 and 5 -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Innovation -- 5.2.1. The theory of innovation -- 5.2.2. Conflicting interests and economic growth -- 5.2.3. Innovation and market failure -- 5.3. Innovation and EU tax policy -- 5.4. BEPS Action 5 -- 5.4.1. The nexus requirement -- 5.4.2. Nexus as a reaction to profit shifting strategies through patent boxes -- 5.4.3. Nexus, trust and innovation policy -- 5.4.4. Nexus for input and output incentives -- 5.4.5. Nexus, corporate income tax rates and other reactions at the domestic level -- 5.4.6. Nexus and the demand side of innovation -- 5.4.7. Tax and non-tax output incentives -- 5.5. Nexus and BEPS Action 1 -- 5.5.1. Nexus for business taxation: Multilateralism versus bilateralism -- 5.5.2. Innovation -- 5.6. Digital economy, innovation and the UN Model -- 5.6.1. Reductions in the net return: Is there room for innovation policy? -- 5.6.1.1. Limits to the deductibility of expenses -- 5.6.1.2. Withholding taxes -- 5.6.2. Software within the scope of articles 12 and 12B -- 5.7. Conclusions. Chapter 6: The (Re)allocation of Taxing Rights Following the 2021 Consensus on Pillar Two Blueprint: An Examination of its Causes and Effects -- 6.1. Introduction to the topic -- 6.2. Why GloBE? The story so far … -- 6.3. Goals and rationales of GloBE: Affinities and differences with BEPS 1.0 -- 6.4. GloBE's mechanics and their impact on the allocation of taxing rights -- 6.4.1. Taxing rights allocation under the income inclusion rule (IIR): Some observations -- 6.4.2. The (residual) allocation of taxing rights to source states through the undertaxed payments rule -- 6.4.3. The treaty-based rules: The switchover rule and the subject-to-tax rule -- 6.5. Key takeaways -- Chapter 7: Direct Taxation and the Future of EU Harmonization: Lessons from Past Experiences -- 7.1. Background issues on the notion of tax nexus -- 7.2. Constraints under EU (secondary) law -- 7.3. A wide notion of tax sovereignty, some examples from EU secondary legislation -- 7.3.1. The European Union's first draft of financial transaction tax -- 7.3.2. The Italian FTT -- 7.4. Extraterritoriality: Cause or effect of an unreasonable nexus? -- 7.5. Conclusion: The lessons from the past to reach a significant and sustained engagement with market jurisdictions -- Chapter 8: EU Law and Tax Nexus in Changing Times -- 8.1. Tax nexus: From past boundaries to present challenges -- 8.2. Stretching of tax nexus: A global trend -- 8.3. The EU legal constraints to the exercise of tax jurisdiction -- 8.4. Nexus in secondary EU tax law -- 8.5. Exploring possible avenues for reform of tax nexus in the European Union: An uphill climb -- Chapter 9: Tax Nexus and Jurisdiction in International and EU Law: Some Insights into EU Value Added Tax -- 9.1. Challenges with taxing jurisdiction in a digitalized world -- 9.2. The concept of nexus and EU VAT. 9.3. New VAT rules in respect of digital platforms - going beyond tax jurisdiction? -- 9.4. Jurisdictional issues with services' supplies -- Chapter 10: Tax Nexus and EU Law: Lessons from the Customs Experience -- 10.1. Introduction: The relevance of customs duties for other taxes in the EU context -- 10.2. The "territorial nexus" in EU customs law: The entry into the single customs territory and the customs debt -- 10.3. The "extraterritorial nexus" in EU customs law: The notion of origin and its impact on the determination of the applicable tariff -- 10.4. Conclusions -- Chapter 11: The Reform of EU Own Resources from a Tax Nexus Perspective: Which Fiscal Federalism for the European Union? -- 11.1. Introduction -- 11.2. Tax nexus and EU integration: A conundrum with four dimensions -- 11.3. The EU own resources system: Origin and evolution -- 11.3.1. History -- 11.3.2. Legal basis: Article 311 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union -- 11.3.3. Types of resources -- 11.4. The loose relationship between the own resources system and EU tax harmonization -- 11.5. A nexus perspective on the reform to the EU own resources system -- Other Titles in the GREIT Series.
This book investigates the foundations of the jurisdiction to tax and the forms of nexus requirements in international and EU tax law.
9789087227975
Taxation-Law and legislation-European Union countries.
Taxation-Law and legislation.
Electronic books.
KJE7105 .T39 2022
343.2404
Tax Nexus and Jurisdiction in International and EU Law. - 1st ed. - 1 online resource (283 pages) - GREIT Series ; v.15 . - GREIT Series .
Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Foreword -- Chapter 1: Public International Law and Taxation: Nexus and Territoriality -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. New concepts in international tax law -- 1.2.1. The concepts of single or full taxation -- 1.2.2. The concept of minimum taxation -- 1.3. Nexus/genuine link -- 1.3.1. Nexus and its different requirements, depending on the type of jurisdiction -- 1.3.1.1. Stricter requirements for enforcement -- 1.3.1.2. What is "enforcement"? -- 1.3.1.3. The rule against foreign revenue enforcement -- 1.3.2. Nexus and its different requirements, depending on the type of tax (and taxpayer) -- 1.3.3. The new territoriality -- 1.3.3.1. Territorial or extra-territorial -- 1.3.3.2. Market jurisdiction as a new nexus -- 1.3.3.3. New hybrid taxes enhancing market jurisdiction -- 1.4. Conclusions -- Chapter 2: The Market as a Tax Nexus: The Old, the New and the Unknown -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. The "Old": Market-Based Approach to Nexus in the Pre-BEPS Era -- 2.2.1. Can the "market state" actually be a "source state"? -- 2.2.2. The benefits principle and the market -- 2.2.3. A view of the PE nexus in light of the supply-demand approach -- 2.2.4. Further examples of market-based source rules in tax treaties and domestic law -- 2.3. The "New": BEPS 2.0 and the Creation of a Taxing Right in the Market -- 2.3.1. BEPS 1.0 and the slow recognition of the role of the market -- 2.3.2. The market under Pillar One of BEPS 2.0 -- 2.3.3. Developing countries' response: Article 12B of the UN Model -- 2.4. Conclusions -- Chapter 3: Fundamental Tax Principles and the Role of Market States in the Digitalized Economy: Pillar One Proposal -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Setting the scene: Tax jurisdiction in the age of globalization and digitalization -- 3.3. Analytical framework of fair and efficient taxation. 3.4. Content analysis of the OECD Blueprint and the impact of the October 2021 agreement and the Draft Model Rules -- 3.4.1. Analysis -- 3.4.1.1. Scope -- 3.4.1.2. Nexus -- 3.4.1.3. Revenue-sourcing rules -- 3.4.1.4. Tax base determinations -- 3.4.1.5. Profit allocation -- 3.4.1.6. Elimination of double taxation -- 3.4.2. Evaluation -- 3.5. Conclusions -- Chapter 4: Nexus for Transfer Pricing Purposes Before and After BEPS 2.0: From Form to Substance, and Back to Form? -- 4.1. Nexus for transfer pricing purposes before the Pillar One reform -- 4.2. Nexus for transfer pricing purposes with the Pillar One reform -- Chapter 5: Innovation and Taxation: A Fundamental Approach to Nexus in BEPS Actions 1 and 5 -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Innovation -- 5.2.1. The theory of innovation -- 5.2.2. Conflicting interests and economic growth -- 5.2.3. Innovation and market failure -- 5.3. Innovation and EU tax policy -- 5.4. BEPS Action 5 -- 5.4.1. The nexus requirement -- 5.4.2. Nexus as a reaction to profit shifting strategies through patent boxes -- 5.4.3. Nexus, trust and innovation policy -- 5.4.4. Nexus for input and output incentives -- 5.4.5. Nexus, corporate income tax rates and other reactions at the domestic level -- 5.4.6. Nexus and the demand side of innovation -- 5.4.7. Tax and non-tax output incentives -- 5.5. Nexus and BEPS Action 1 -- 5.5.1. Nexus for business taxation: Multilateralism versus bilateralism -- 5.5.2. Innovation -- 5.6. Digital economy, innovation and the UN Model -- 5.6.1. Reductions in the net return: Is there room for innovation policy? -- 5.6.1.1. Limits to the deductibility of expenses -- 5.6.1.2. Withholding taxes -- 5.6.2. Software within the scope of articles 12 and 12B -- 5.7. Conclusions. Chapter 6: The (Re)allocation of Taxing Rights Following the 2021 Consensus on Pillar Two Blueprint: An Examination of its Causes and Effects -- 6.1. Introduction to the topic -- 6.2. Why GloBE? The story so far … -- 6.3. Goals and rationales of GloBE: Affinities and differences with BEPS 1.0 -- 6.4. GloBE's mechanics and their impact on the allocation of taxing rights -- 6.4.1. Taxing rights allocation under the income inclusion rule (IIR): Some observations -- 6.4.2. The (residual) allocation of taxing rights to source states through the undertaxed payments rule -- 6.4.3. The treaty-based rules: The switchover rule and the subject-to-tax rule -- 6.5. Key takeaways -- Chapter 7: Direct Taxation and the Future of EU Harmonization: Lessons from Past Experiences -- 7.1. Background issues on the notion of tax nexus -- 7.2. Constraints under EU (secondary) law -- 7.3. A wide notion of tax sovereignty, some examples from EU secondary legislation -- 7.3.1. The European Union's first draft of financial transaction tax -- 7.3.2. The Italian FTT -- 7.4. Extraterritoriality: Cause or effect of an unreasonable nexus? -- 7.5. Conclusion: The lessons from the past to reach a significant and sustained engagement with market jurisdictions -- Chapter 8: EU Law and Tax Nexus in Changing Times -- 8.1. Tax nexus: From past boundaries to present challenges -- 8.2. Stretching of tax nexus: A global trend -- 8.3. The EU legal constraints to the exercise of tax jurisdiction -- 8.4. Nexus in secondary EU tax law -- 8.5. Exploring possible avenues for reform of tax nexus in the European Union: An uphill climb -- Chapter 9: Tax Nexus and Jurisdiction in International and EU Law: Some Insights into EU Value Added Tax -- 9.1. Challenges with taxing jurisdiction in a digitalized world -- 9.2. The concept of nexus and EU VAT. 9.3. New VAT rules in respect of digital platforms - going beyond tax jurisdiction? -- 9.4. Jurisdictional issues with services' supplies -- Chapter 10: Tax Nexus and EU Law: Lessons from the Customs Experience -- 10.1. Introduction: The relevance of customs duties for other taxes in the EU context -- 10.2. The "territorial nexus" in EU customs law: The entry into the single customs territory and the customs debt -- 10.3. The "extraterritorial nexus" in EU customs law: The notion of origin and its impact on the determination of the applicable tariff -- 10.4. Conclusions -- Chapter 11: The Reform of EU Own Resources from a Tax Nexus Perspective: Which Fiscal Federalism for the European Union? -- 11.1. Introduction -- 11.2. Tax nexus and EU integration: A conundrum with four dimensions -- 11.3. The EU own resources system: Origin and evolution -- 11.3.1. History -- 11.3.2. Legal basis: Article 311 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union -- 11.3.3. Types of resources -- 11.4. The loose relationship between the own resources system and EU tax harmonization -- 11.5. A nexus perspective on the reform to the EU own resources system -- Other Titles in the GREIT Series.
This book investigates the foundations of the jurisdiction to tax and the forms of nexus requirements in international and EU tax law.
9789087227975
Taxation-Law and legislation-European Union countries.
Taxation-Law and legislation.
Electronic books.
KJE7105 .T39 2022
343.2404