Bracing for Disaster : Earthquake-Resistant Architecture and Engineering in San Francisco, 1838-1933.
Tobriner, Stephen.
Bracing for Disaster : Earthquake-Resistant Architecture and Engineering in San Francisco, 1838-1933. - 1st ed. - 1 online resource (472 pages)
Intro -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Location, Location, Location -- Earthquakes in the Old World and the New -- The San Andreas Fault -- The Founding of San Francisco -- The Flattening and Filling of San Francisco -- Early Earthquakes -- San Francisco's First Earthquake-Resistant Building? -- Disaster and The Specter of Economic Decline -- 2. Fire, a Compelling Danger, 1849-1851 -- Responses to Disaster -- San Francisco at Midcentury -- The First Fire, December 24, 1849 -- Three Fires in 1850 and The Importance of Water -- The Third Fire, June 14, 1850 -- The Fourth Fire, September 17, 1850 -- The Fifth Fire and a Turning Point, May 4, 1851 -- The Sixth fire, June 22, 1851 -- The First Building Code and Fire District, 1852 -- 3. Earthquakes, Weighing the Danger, 1863-1869 -- San Francisco in the Money -- The Earthquake of 1865 -- A Brief Introduction to Seismology -- Measuring Earthquakes -- The Hazards of Filled Ground in 1865 -- The First Seismic Retrofits in San Francisco -- The Earthquake of 1868 -- Postquake Reconstruction and Investigation -- The Joint Committee on Earthquakes -- Why the Report was Never Published -- 4. Innovation: "Earthquake-Proof" Systems, 1868-1880 -- Wood-Frame Construction -- Buildings in Earthquakes -- Bond Iron -- The Success of Foye's Patent -- Emerson's iron bracing -- Touaillon's Base Isolation System -- Timber Frames with Brick Walls -- John Gaynor's Palace Hotel -- San Francisco's New Earthquake-Proof City Hall -- Mullett, the Custom House, and the U.S. Mint -- Foye and Mullett -- South Hall, University of California at Berkeley -- 5. Earthquake-Resistant Construction, 1889-1905 -- Architects and Engineers in the 1890s -- The First Earthquake-Resistant Skyscraper -- The Call Trumps the Chronicle -- A Short, Steel-Frame Building -- Steel Frames Hit the Heights. The Continuing Story of City Hall -- What Engineers Knew -- Wind and Earthquake Forces Erroneously Equated -- Low-Risk Low Buildings? -- The Late-Nineteenth-Century Earthquakes -- Newspapers and Boosterism -- On the Eve of Disaster -- 6. What Really Happened in the Great Earthquake of April 18, 1906 -- Three Eyewitness Reports from the Street -- Four Eyewitness Accounts from Inside -- A Virtual Tour -- Touring the Fire District -- 7. The Fire: April 18-21, 1906 -- Fire Breaks Out -- Fighting the Fires -- Lack of Water -- Coordinated Firefighting -- The Fire District -- Fire-Resistant Redwood -- Buildings Saved -- Desperate Measures -- 8. Assessment of Damage in the 1906 Earthquake: A Centennial Perspective -- A Reconnaissance Report on the San Francisco Earthquake of 1906 -- A Review of Building Performance by Construction Type -- Brick Infill Masonry and Load-Bearing Brick Walls -- Masonry Towers and Steeples -- In Favor of Brick -- Brick Mill Construction -- "Earthquake-Proof" Brick Buildings -- Wood-Frame Structures -- Case Study-The 1871 San Francisco City Hall -- Estimates of Earthquake Damage Versus Fire Damage -- 9. The Fire Did It: Recovery, Reconstruction, and Insurance, 1906-1910 -- Provisional Shelter and Federal Government Relief -- Boomtown Recovery -- Plague Threatens Recovery -- Demolition and Disposal -- Two Failed Plans for the New San Francisco -- Remaking the City -- The Fate of the 1871 City Hall -- Insurance Companies Pay the Bill -- The "Six-Bit" Strategy -- why they Paid-Policies, Politics, Fraud, and Good Business -- 10. Fire Codes, 1906-1915 -- Fire District Controversy -- Concrete Enters the Codes -- The Reclassification of Structures -- The Limitation of Building Heights -- Fire-Resistant Construction -- The Evolution of the Building Codes -- 11. New Earthquake Codes -- Cornices -- Parapets -- Lateral Bracing. Discussed But Not in the Codes -- Wood-Frame Buildings -- 12. A Tale of Two Water Systems -- The Spring Valley Water Company -- Volume and Pressure -- The Auxiliary Water System -- Hetch Hetchy -- 13. San Francisco: The Phoenix Rising, 1906-1915 -- Class A Steel-Frame Buildings -- Humboldt Savings Bank Building -- Royal Globe Insurance Company -- Phelan Building -- Sharon Building -- Sather Tower (the Campanile) -- 1912 City Hall -- More Earthquake-Resistant and Fire-Resistant Design in Steel Buildings, 1906-1915 -- Class B, Reinforced Concrete -- Pacific Building -- Class B, and C Brick Buildings -- Segalas and Plante Building -- 118-124 First Street -- Lincoln Realty Building -- Special Construction -- Wood-Frame Residential Construction -- 14. Reality Replaces Myth, 1925-1933 -- On Shaky Ground-the Panama-Pacific International Exposition -- Lateral Forces and the Myth of Denial -- The Long Beach earthquake of 1933 -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Selected Bibliography -- Credits -- Index.
9781597143288
Buildings-Earthquake effects.
Electronic books.
TH1095 / .T637 2006
624.1/7620979461
Bracing for Disaster : Earthquake-Resistant Architecture and Engineering in San Francisco, 1838-1933. - 1st ed. - 1 online resource (472 pages)
Intro -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Location, Location, Location -- Earthquakes in the Old World and the New -- The San Andreas Fault -- The Founding of San Francisco -- The Flattening and Filling of San Francisco -- Early Earthquakes -- San Francisco's First Earthquake-Resistant Building? -- Disaster and The Specter of Economic Decline -- 2. Fire, a Compelling Danger, 1849-1851 -- Responses to Disaster -- San Francisco at Midcentury -- The First Fire, December 24, 1849 -- Three Fires in 1850 and The Importance of Water -- The Third Fire, June 14, 1850 -- The Fourth Fire, September 17, 1850 -- The Fifth Fire and a Turning Point, May 4, 1851 -- The Sixth fire, June 22, 1851 -- The First Building Code and Fire District, 1852 -- 3. Earthquakes, Weighing the Danger, 1863-1869 -- San Francisco in the Money -- The Earthquake of 1865 -- A Brief Introduction to Seismology -- Measuring Earthquakes -- The Hazards of Filled Ground in 1865 -- The First Seismic Retrofits in San Francisco -- The Earthquake of 1868 -- Postquake Reconstruction and Investigation -- The Joint Committee on Earthquakes -- Why the Report was Never Published -- 4. Innovation: "Earthquake-Proof" Systems, 1868-1880 -- Wood-Frame Construction -- Buildings in Earthquakes -- Bond Iron -- The Success of Foye's Patent -- Emerson's iron bracing -- Touaillon's Base Isolation System -- Timber Frames with Brick Walls -- John Gaynor's Palace Hotel -- San Francisco's New Earthquake-Proof City Hall -- Mullett, the Custom House, and the U.S. Mint -- Foye and Mullett -- South Hall, University of California at Berkeley -- 5. Earthquake-Resistant Construction, 1889-1905 -- Architects and Engineers in the 1890s -- The First Earthquake-Resistant Skyscraper -- The Call Trumps the Chronicle -- A Short, Steel-Frame Building -- Steel Frames Hit the Heights. The Continuing Story of City Hall -- What Engineers Knew -- Wind and Earthquake Forces Erroneously Equated -- Low-Risk Low Buildings? -- The Late-Nineteenth-Century Earthquakes -- Newspapers and Boosterism -- On the Eve of Disaster -- 6. What Really Happened in the Great Earthquake of April 18, 1906 -- Three Eyewitness Reports from the Street -- Four Eyewitness Accounts from Inside -- A Virtual Tour -- Touring the Fire District -- 7. The Fire: April 18-21, 1906 -- Fire Breaks Out -- Fighting the Fires -- Lack of Water -- Coordinated Firefighting -- The Fire District -- Fire-Resistant Redwood -- Buildings Saved -- Desperate Measures -- 8. Assessment of Damage in the 1906 Earthquake: A Centennial Perspective -- A Reconnaissance Report on the San Francisco Earthquake of 1906 -- A Review of Building Performance by Construction Type -- Brick Infill Masonry and Load-Bearing Brick Walls -- Masonry Towers and Steeples -- In Favor of Brick -- Brick Mill Construction -- "Earthquake-Proof" Brick Buildings -- Wood-Frame Structures -- Case Study-The 1871 San Francisco City Hall -- Estimates of Earthquake Damage Versus Fire Damage -- 9. The Fire Did It: Recovery, Reconstruction, and Insurance, 1906-1910 -- Provisional Shelter and Federal Government Relief -- Boomtown Recovery -- Plague Threatens Recovery -- Demolition and Disposal -- Two Failed Plans for the New San Francisco -- Remaking the City -- The Fate of the 1871 City Hall -- Insurance Companies Pay the Bill -- The "Six-Bit" Strategy -- why they Paid-Policies, Politics, Fraud, and Good Business -- 10. Fire Codes, 1906-1915 -- Fire District Controversy -- Concrete Enters the Codes -- The Reclassification of Structures -- The Limitation of Building Heights -- Fire-Resistant Construction -- The Evolution of the Building Codes -- 11. New Earthquake Codes -- Cornices -- Parapets -- Lateral Bracing. Discussed But Not in the Codes -- Wood-Frame Buildings -- 12. A Tale of Two Water Systems -- The Spring Valley Water Company -- Volume and Pressure -- The Auxiliary Water System -- Hetch Hetchy -- 13. San Francisco: The Phoenix Rising, 1906-1915 -- Class A Steel-Frame Buildings -- Humboldt Savings Bank Building -- Royal Globe Insurance Company -- Phelan Building -- Sharon Building -- Sather Tower (the Campanile) -- 1912 City Hall -- More Earthquake-Resistant and Fire-Resistant Design in Steel Buildings, 1906-1915 -- Class B, Reinforced Concrete -- Pacific Building -- Class B, and C Brick Buildings -- Segalas and Plante Building -- 118-124 First Street -- Lincoln Realty Building -- Special Construction -- Wood-Frame Residential Construction -- 14. Reality Replaces Myth, 1925-1933 -- On Shaky Ground-the Panama-Pacific International Exposition -- Lateral Forces and the Myth of Denial -- The Long Beach earthquake of 1933 -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Selected Bibliography -- Credits -- Index.
9781597143288
Buildings-Earthquake effects.
Electronic books.
TH1095 / .T637 2006
624.1/7620979461