Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Sensation, Perception, and Attention.
Wixted, John T.
Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Sensation, Perception, and Attention. - 4th ed. - 1 online resource (995 pages)
Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contributors -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1: Foundations of Vision -- The Purpose of Vision -- Perception, Introspection, and Psychophysics -- Signal Detection Theory -- Characterizing Visual Sensitivity -- Why Vision Is a Hard Computational Problem -- Perception as Statistical Inference -- Functional Organization of the Visual System -- Retina -- Magnocellular, Parvocellular, and Koniocellular Pathways -- Lateral Geniculate Nucleus -- Primary Visual Cortex (V1) -- Extrastriate Visual Areas -- Higher Order Visual Areas -- Mechanisms Underlying Visual Perception -- Visual Feature Perception -- Neural Bases of Visual Feature Perception -- Visual Segmentation and Figure-Ground Perception -- Effects of Visual Context -- Visual Attention -- Attentional Modulation of Neural Responses -- Attending to Multiple Spatial Locations -- Attending to Visual Features -- Attending to Objects -- Sources of Top-Down Attentional Feedback -- Object Recognition -- Early Models of Object Recognition -- Deep Learning Models of Object Recognition -- Face Recognition and Subordinate-Level Discrimination -- Neural Mechanisms of Face Processing -- Concluding Remarks and Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 2: Audition -- Introduction -- The Problem -- Sound Measurement-The Peripheral Auditory System -- Frequency Selectivity and the Cochlea -- Amplitude Compression -- Neural Coding in the Auditory Nerve -- Feedback -- Sound Measurement-Modulation -- Subcortical Auditory Pathways -- Amplitude Modulation and the Envelope -- Modulation Tuning -- Primary Auditory Cortex -- Spectrotemporal Modulation Tuning -- Tonotopy -- Nonprimary Auditory Cortex -- Sound Source Perception -- Localization -- Pitch -- Loudness -- Auditory Scene Analysis -- Sound Segregation and Acoustic Grouping Cues -- Sequential Grouping -- Streaming. Sound Texture -- Filling In -- Separating Sound Sources From the Environment -- The Future of Hearing Research -- References -- Chapter 3: Taste -- What Does Taste Do? -- The Omnivore's Dilemma -- Wisdom of the Body: An Early Solution to the Omnivore's Dilemma? -- Failure of Wisdom of the Body: Importance of Learning -- How Does Taste Work? -- Taste Buds -- Taste Papillae -- Localization of Taste Experience -- The Myth of the Tongue Map -- Ascending Taste Pathways and the Taste CNS -- Taste Qualities -- Ionic Stimuli: Salts and Acids -- Sweet and Bitter -- Are There More Than Four Basic Tastes? -- Nonoral Locations of Taste Receptors: Glutamate and Fatty Acid Receptors -- Coding of Taste Quality in the Nervous System -- What Is Flavor? -- How Taste Can Go Wrong: Clinical Pathologies -- Genetic Variation in Taste -- Taste Blindness -- Discovery of Supertasters -- When Do Taste and Flavor Fail to Contribute to Survival? -- References -- Chapter 4: Olfaction -- Introduction -- The Olfactory Stimulus -- Anatomy -- The Nose -- Chemosensory Systems -- Main Olfactory Epithelium -- Olfactory Bulb -- Central Olfactory System -- Summary -- Olfactory Coding -- Intensity -- Valence -- Organizing the Olfactory Stimuli -- Psychophysics -- Detection Thresholds -- Suprathreshold Odor Judgments -- Mixture Perception -- Individual Variation -- Machine Olfaction -- Multimodal Interactions -- Neural Plasticity -- Adaptation and Sensitization -- Cognition -- Odor Naming -- Memory -- Odor Hedonics -- Olfactory Dysfunction -- Types of Olfactory Dysfunction -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: The Neural Basis of Haptic Perception -- Introduction -- The Sense of Touch -- Cutaneous Mechanoreceptors and Associated Nerve Fibers -- Skin Mechanics and Afferent Branching -- Tactile Coding in the Somatosensory Nerve -- The Touch Pathways -- Tactile Coding in Cortex. Parallels Between Vision and Touch -- Parallels Between Audition and Touch -- Affective Touch -- The Sense of Proprioception -- Proprioceptive Receptors and Their Associated Nerve Fibers -- The Cortical Basis of Proprioception -- Phenomenology of Proprioception -- Multimodal Integration and Stereognosis -- References -- Chapter 6: Attention -- Introduction -- Confronting Limitations -- Limitations Over Space -- Limitations Over Time -- Limitations in Mind -- Bug or Feature? -- Defining Attention -- Classical Definition -- Contemporary Definition -- Experimental Tasks -- Visual Search -- Competing Streams -- Orienting -- Taxonomical Considerations -- Purpose -- Sources -- Perceptual Trails -- Short-Term Goals -- Long-Term Experience -- Attributes -- Substrates -- Mechanisms of Attention -- Visual Spatial Attention -- Object-Based Attention -- Feature-Based Attention -- Attention Beyond Receptive-Field Properties -- Attention and Other Cognitive Domains -- Attention and Awareness -- Attention and Working Memory -- Attention and Motivation -- Applications -- Brain Health -- Education and Technology -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: Music Perception -- Introduction -- Pitch -- Pitch Perception -- Modes of Pitch Processing -- Beyond Pitch: Timbre, Consonance, Expectancy, and Tonality -- Timbre -- Consonance/Dissonance -- Melodic Expectancies -- Tonality -- Time -- Beat Perception and Induction -- Grouping -- Pitch/Rhythm Interactions -- Event Hierarchies -- Musical Universals and the Evolution of Music -- Musical Universals -- Evolution of Music -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: Color Vision -- Introduction -- Background Issues -- Recent/Emerging Trends -- Genes, Photopigments, and Trichromacy -- Color Opponency and Postreceptoral Processing -- Color and Cognition -- Contextual Effects on Color Appearance -- Calibrating Color Vision. Material Perception -- Color Signals Involved in Other Visual Tasks -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: Depth Perception -- Pictorial Depth Cues -- Occlusion -- Height in the Visual Field -- Image Size -- Texture -- Image Quality -- Binocular Depth Cues -- Eye Orientation -- A Choice of Coordinates -- Horizontal Disparity -- Vertical Disparity -- Active Depth Cues -- Combining Depth Cues -- Consistency -- Perceived Motion in Depth -- The Special Role of Distant Structures -- Size and Shape -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: Motion Perception -- Introduction -- What Is Motion? -- A Brief History of Motion Perception Research -- Local Motion Analysis -- Motion Detectors -- Perception of Apparent Motion -- Direction Selectivity -- Speed Perception -- Global Motion Analysis -- Ambiguity of Local Motion Signals: The Aperture Problem -- Motion Integration -- Motion Segmentation -- Higher-Order Motion -- Motion and Position -- Motion Adaptation -- Motion in Three Dimensions -- Structure From Motion -- Motion in Depth -- Motion Parallax -- Optic Flow -- Biological Motion -- Motion Perception in the Context of Attention, Working Memory, Awareness, and Learning -- Attention -- Working Memory -- Awareness -- Learning -- Multisensory Motion Perception -- Motion Perception in Special Populations -- Akinetopsia -- Cortical Blindness -- Amblyopia -- Autism Spectrum Disorder -- Schizophrenia -- Aging -- Other Populations -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11: Perception and Action -- Introduction -- Background Issues -- Challenge #1: Action Is for Perception -- Challenge #2: Perception Depends on Action -- Challenge #3: Perception and Action Share a Common Currency -- Ideomotor Theory -- Nonchallenges to See-Think-Act -- Recent/Emerging Trends -- Action-Specific Account of Perception -- Hand Proximity -- Conclusion -- References. Chapter 12: Perceptual Rhythms -- Introduction -- Is Perception Discrete or Continuous? -- A Brief History of Discrete Perception -- Discrete Perception: Reloaded -- Terminology -- Periodicities in Vision -- Nature of Evidence for Perceptual Rhythms -- Phase-Dependent Perception and Behavior -- Frequency-Dependent Perception -- Perceptual Echoes -- Behavioral Oscillations -- Illusory Flicker and Aliasing -- Summary: Perceptual Rhythms in Vision -- Periodicities in Other Modalities -- Auditory Domain -- Somatosensory Domain -- Cross-Modal Domain -- Conclusion: Perceptual Rhythms Everywhere? -- Current Limitations -- Effect Size and Negative Results -- Low-Frequency Bias -- Scarcity of Physiological Data -- Functional Advantages? -- Future Directions -- Taxonomy of Perceptual Rhythms -- Perceptual Rhythms and Overt Sampling -- Spatial Dimensions of Perceptual Rhythms -- List of Abbreviations -- References -- Chapter 13: Visual Search -- Why Do We Search? -- The Binding Problem -- A Word About Architecture and Terminology -- Preattentive -- Spatially Selective Visual Attention -- Global Attention and Multiple Attentions -- Classic Visual Search Tasks: Stimuli and Methods -- Accuracy Methods -- RT Methods -- Eye Movement Methods -- Electrophysiological Measures -- Classic Visual Search Tasks: What Do the Data Tell Us? -- The Continuum of Search Efficiency -- What Are the Guiding Attributes? -- Mechanics of Feature Guidance -- Scene Guidance -- The Role of Memory in Visual Search -- Search Termination -- Target Prevalence -- Foraging Tasks -- Hybrid Search and Hybrid Foraging -- Modeling Approaches -- Looking Back and Looking Forward -- References -- Chapter 14: Multisensory Perception -- Introduction -- Did You Perceive Anything?" -- "What Did You Perceive? -- Visual Dominance Over Touch/Proprioception -- Visual Dominance Over the Perception of the Body. Modeling Multisensory Integration.
9781119174073
Cognitive neuroscience.
Electronic books.
BF181 .S748 2018
Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Sensation, Perception, and Attention. - 4th ed. - 1 online resource (995 pages)
Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contributors -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1: Foundations of Vision -- The Purpose of Vision -- Perception, Introspection, and Psychophysics -- Signal Detection Theory -- Characterizing Visual Sensitivity -- Why Vision Is a Hard Computational Problem -- Perception as Statistical Inference -- Functional Organization of the Visual System -- Retina -- Magnocellular, Parvocellular, and Koniocellular Pathways -- Lateral Geniculate Nucleus -- Primary Visual Cortex (V1) -- Extrastriate Visual Areas -- Higher Order Visual Areas -- Mechanisms Underlying Visual Perception -- Visual Feature Perception -- Neural Bases of Visual Feature Perception -- Visual Segmentation and Figure-Ground Perception -- Effects of Visual Context -- Visual Attention -- Attentional Modulation of Neural Responses -- Attending to Multiple Spatial Locations -- Attending to Visual Features -- Attending to Objects -- Sources of Top-Down Attentional Feedback -- Object Recognition -- Early Models of Object Recognition -- Deep Learning Models of Object Recognition -- Face Recognition and Subordinate-Level Discrimination -- Neural Mechanisms of Face Processing -- Concluding Remarks and Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 2: Audition -- Introduction -- The Problem -- Sound Measurement-The Peripheral Auditory System -- Frequency Selectivity and the Cochlea -- Amplitude Compression -- Neural Coding in the Auditory Nerve -- Feedback -- Sound Measurement-Modulation -- Subcortical Auditory Pathways -- Amplitude Modulation and the Envelope -- Modulation Tuning -- Primary Auditory Cortex -- Spectrotemporal Modulation Tuning -- Tonotopy -- Nonprimary Auditory Cortex -- Sound Source Perception -- Localization -- Pitch -- Loudness -- Auditory Scene Analysis -- Sound Segregation and Acoustic Grouping Cues -- Sequential Grouping -- Streaming. Sound Texture -- Filling In -- Separating Sound Sources From the Environment -- The Future of Hearing Research -- References -- Chapter 3: Taste -- What Does Taste Do? -- The Omnivore's Dilemma -- Wisdom of the Body: An Early Solution to the Omnivore's Dilemma? -- Failure of Wisdom of the Body: Importance of Learning -- How Does Taste Work? -- Taste Buds -- Taste Papillae -- Localization of Taste Experience -- The Myth of the Tongue Map -- Ascending Taste Pathways and the Taste CNS -- Taste Qualities -- Ionic Stimuli: Salts and Acids -- Sweet and Bitter -- Are There More Than Four Basic Tastes? -- Nonoral Locations of Taste Receptors: Glutamate and Fatty Acid Receptors -- Coding of Taste Quality in the Nervous System -- What Is Flavor? -- How Taste Can Go Wrong: Clinical Pathologies -- Genetic Variation in Taste -- Taste Blindness -- Discovery of Supertasters -- When Do Taste and Flavor Fail to Contribute to Survival? -- References -- Chapter 4: Olfaction -- Introduction -- The Olfactory Stimulus -- Anatomy -- The Nose -- Chemosensory Systems -- Main Olfactory Epithelium -- Olfactory Bulb -- Central Olfactory System -- Summary -- Olfactory Coding -- Intensity -- Valence -- Organizing the Olfactory Stimuli -- Psychophysics -- Detection Thresholds -- Suprathreshold Odor Judgments -- Mixture Perception -- Individual Variation -- Machine Olfaction -- Multimodal Interactions -- Neural Plasticity -- Adaptation and Sensitization -- Cognition -- Odor Naming -- Memory -- Odor Hedonics -- Olfactory Dysfunction -- Types of Olfactory Dysfunction -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: The Neural Basis of Haptic Perception -- Introduction -- The Sense of Touch -- Cutaneous Mechanoreceptors and Associated Nerve Fibers -- Skin Mechanics and Afferent Branching -- Tactile Coding in the Somatosensory Nerve -- The Touch Pathways -- Tactile Coding in Cortex. Parallels Between Vision and Touch -- Parallels Between Audition and Touch -- Affective Touch -- The Sense of Proprioception -- Proprioceptive Receptors and Their Associated Nerve Fibers -- The Cortical Basis of Proprioception -- Phenomenology of Proprioception -- Multimodal Integration and Stereognosis -- References -- Chapter 6: Attention -- Introduction -- Confronting Limitations -- Limitations Over Space -- Limitations Over Time -- Limitations in Mind -- Bug or Feature? -- Defining Attention -- Classical Definition -- Contemporary Definition -- Experimental Tasks -- Visual Search -- Competing Streams -- Orienting -- Taxonomical Considerations -- Purpose -- Sources -- Perceptual Trails -- Short-Term Goals -- Long-Term Experience -- Attributes -- Substrates -- Mechanisms of Attention -- Visual Spatial Attention -- Object-Based Attention -- Feature-Based Attention -- Attention Beyond Receptive-Field Properties -- Attention and Other Cognitive Domains -- Attention and Awareness -- Attention and Working Memory -- Attention and Motivation -- Applications -- Brain Health -- Education and Technology -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: Music Perception -- Introduction -- Pitch -- Pitch Perception -- Modes of Pitch Processing -- Beyond Pitch: Timbre, Consonance, Expectancy, and Tonality -- Timbre -- Consonance/Dissonance -- Melodic Expectancies -- Tonality -- Time -- Beat Perception and Induction -- Grouping -- Pitch/Rhythm Interactions -- Event Hierarchies -- Musical Universals and the Evolution of Music -- Musical Universals -- Evolution of Music -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: Color Vision -- Introduction -- Background Issues -- Recent/Emerging Trends -- Genes, Photopigments, and Trichromacy -- Color Opponency and Postreceptoral Processing -- Color and Cognition -- Contextual Effects on Color Appearance -- Calibrating Color Vision. Material Perception -- Color Signals Involved in Other Visual Tasks -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: Depth Perception -- Pictorial Depth Cues -- Occlusion -- Height in the Visual Field -- Image Size -- Texture -- Image Quality -- Binocular Depth Cues -- Eye Orientation -- A Choice of Coordinates -- Horizontal Disparity -- Vertical Disparity -- Active Depth Cues -- Combining Depth Cues -- Consistency -- Perceived Motion in Depth -- The Special Role of Distant Structures -- Size and Shape -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: Motion Perception -- Introduction -- What Is Motion? -- A Brief History of Motion Perception Research -- Local Motion Analysis -- Motion Detectors -- Perception of Apparent Motion -- Direction Selectivity -- Speed Perception -- Global Motion Analysis -- Ambiguity of Local Motion Signals: The Aperture Problem -- Motion Integration -- Motion Segmentation -- Higher-Order Motion -- Motion and Position -- Motion Adaptation -- Motion in Three Dimensions -- Structure From Motion -- Motion in Depth -- Motion Parallax -- Optic Flow -- Biological Motion -- Motion Perception in the Context of Attention, Working Memory, Awareness, and Learning -- Attention -- Working Memory -- Awareness -- Learning -- Multisensory Motion Perception -- Motion Perception in Special Populations -- Akinetopsia -- Cortical Blindness -- Amblyopia -- Autism Spectrum Disorder -- Schizophrenia -- Aging -- Other Populations -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11: Perception and Action -- Introduction -- Background Issues -- Challenge #1: Action Is for Perception -- Challenge #2: Perception Depends on Action -- Challenge #3: Perception and Action Share a Common Currency -- Ideomotor Theory -- Nonchallenges to See-Think-Act -- Recent/Emerging Trends -- Action-Specific Account of Perception -- Hand Proximity -- Conclusion -- References. Chapter 12: Perceptual Rhythms -- Introduction -- Is Perception Discrete or Continuous? -- A Brief History of Discrete Perception -- Discrete Perception: Reloaded -- Terminology -- Periodicities in Vision -- Nature of Evidence for Perceptual Rhythms -- Phase-Dependent Perception and Behavior -- Frequency-Dependent Perception -- Perceptual Echoes -- Behavioral Oscillations -- Illusory Flicker and Aliasing -- Summary: Perceptual Rhythms in Vision -- Periodicities in Other Modalities -- Auditory Domain -- Somatosensory Domain -- Cross-Modal Domain -- Conclusion: Perceptual Rhythms Everywhere? -- Current Limitations -- Effect Size and Negative Results -- Low-Frequency Bias -- Scarcity of Physiological Data -- Functional Advantages? -- Future Directions -- Taxonomy of Perceptual Rhythms -- Perceptual Rhythms and Overt Sampling -- Spatial Dimensions of Perceptual Rhythms -- List of Abbreviations -- References -- Chapter 13: Visual Search -- Why Do We Search? -- The Binding Problem -- A Word About Architecture and Terminology -- Preattentive -- Spatially Selective Visual Attention -- Global Attention and Multiple Attentions -- Classic Visual Search Tasks: Stimuli and Methods -- Accuracy Methods -- RT Methods -- Eye Movement Methods -- Electrophysiological Measures -- Classic Visual Search Tasks: What Do the Data Tell Us? -- The Continuum of Search Efficiency -- What Are the Guiding Attributes? -- Mechanics of Feature Guidance -- Scene Guidance -- The Role of Memory in Visual Search -- Search Termination -- Target Prevalence -- Foraging Tasks -- Hybrid Search and Hybrid Foraging -- Modeling Approaches -- Looking Back and Looking Forward -- References -- Chapter 14: Multisensory Perception -- Introduction -- Did You Perceive Anything?" -- "What Did You Perceive? -- Visual Dominance Over Touch/Proprioception -- Visual Dominance Over the Perception of the Body. Modeling Multisensory Integration.
9781119174073
Cognitive neuroscience.
Electronic books.
BF181 .S748 2018