Work and Family : Latin American and Caribbean Women in Search of a New Balance.
Chioda, Laura.
Work and Family : Latin American and Caribbean Women in Search of a New Balance. - 1st ed. - 1 online resource (269 pages) - Latin American Development Forum . - Latin American Development Forum .
Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Overview -- Four decades of important achievements -- New challenges for women and policy makers -- Expanded choice set, emergence of new identities, household dynamics, and new tensions -- Women in search of a balance -- Policy discussion -- Notes -- References -- Introduction: The Household Point of View -- Background -- Labor force participation: From an individual to a collective decision -- Unitary and nonunitary models of the family and implications for women's welfare -- Structure of the report -- Notes -- References -- PART I -- Chapter 1: Trends in Human Capital, Family Formation, Norms, and Female Labor Force Participation -- Introduction -- Education -- Health -- Family formation and family structure -- Social norms -- Female economic participation -- Notes -- References -- PART II -- Chapter 2: The Regional Trend: Two Paths to the Labor Market -- Introduction -- A historical account of women's economic participation -- The relationship between trends in female labor force participation and social norms -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 3: Determinants of Historical Trends: Hints of a "Quiet Revolution -- Introduction -- Education -- Family formation and its relationship to level of education -- Interactions between family formation and education: Single versus married women -- Urbanization, household technology, and sectoral structure of the economy -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 4: Family Structure and Patterns of Duration and Transition across Occupational States -- Introduction -- How men and women differ in their transitional behaviors -- How flows between the informal and formal sectors reflect rationing versus choice -- Evidence across the business cycle. What explains young women's overrepresentation in formal employment? -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 5: Gender Differences in Earnings -- Introduction -- Recent findings on gender wage gaps in Latin America and the Caribbean -- Why is there a wage gap or why should there not be a wage gap? -- Notes -- References -- PART III -- Chapter 6: A Closer Look at Dynamics within the Household -- Introduction -- Intrahousehold allocations: Theory and practice -- How additional control over resources could increase female labor force participation -- Time is money: Competing demands on women's time and economic participation -- Labor market rigidities: Part-time work arrangements and economic participation -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 7: Concluding Remarks -- Introduction -- New challenges for women and policy makers -- A new menu of gender policies and a new focus -- Conclusion -- Note -- References -- Appendix: Background Papers -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Z -- Boxes -- 2.1 Economic development and female labor force participation in Latin America and the Caribbean -- 3.1 The single versus married gap in female labor force participation -- 4.1 Patterns of labor market mobility: Definitions and sample -- 6.1 Compulsory schooling in Colombia -- 6.2 Mexico's child care program to support working mothers (programa estancias infantiles para Apoyar a Madres Trabajadoras) -- Figures -- I.1 Key microsocial determinants of female economic participation -- I.2 Characteristics of unitary and nonunitary models -- 1.1 Latin America and the Caribbean has virtually universal primary enrollment for girls -- 1.2 Latin America and the Caribbean has the narrowest gender gap in primary enrollment. 1.3 The increase in girls' secondary enrollment rates has been greatest in Latin America and the Caribbean -- 1.4 Secondary school enrollment favors girls even more than primary enrollment -- 1.5 Educational attainment and female-to-male completion rates, women ages 25 and older, across regions, 1950-2010 -- 1.6 Girls perform better in reading-boys, in mathematics and science -- 1.7 No unnatural male-female differences at birth in Latin America and the Caribbean -- 1.8 Latin America and the Caribbean has the highest share of women in the population by region, 1960-2012 -- 1.9 Women in Latin America and the Caribbean live longer than men -- 1.10 The gap in life expectancy between women and men has narrowed slightly -- 1.11 Maternal mortality in Latin America and the Caribbean has declined significantly -- 1.12 Maternal mortality has declined at different rates in different regions of Latin America and the Caribbean -- 1.13 Fertility rate is declining in the Latin America and the Caribbean region -- 1.14 Fertility rates declining in countries of Latin America and Caribbean -- 1.15 Age at first child in selected Latin American and Caribbean countries (urban areas), 1985-2012 -- 1.16 Age at first child in selected Latin American and Caribbean countries (rural areas), 1985-2012 -- 1.17 The age at first marriage has been fairly stable for females in Latin America and the Caribbean -- 1.18 Constancy in the mother's age at first child in Latin America and the Caribbean reflects the value of family networks -- 1.19 The proportion of households headed by women is rising in almost all Latin American and Caribbean households -- 1.20 Cultural and social norms, preferences, and economic outcomes -- 1.21 Views on "Men Have More Right to a Job" by sex, generation, and survey wave. 1.22 Views on "Men Make Better Political Leaders" by sex, generation, and survey wave -- 1.23 Share of parliamentary seats held by women -- 1.24 Views on "Men Make Better Executives Than Women Do" in selected countries, by sex, educational level, and age -- 1.25 Views on "Being a Housewife Is Just as Fulfilling as Working for Pay" in selected countries, by sex, age group, and education level -- 1.26 Views on "A Child's Relationship with a Working Mother Is Just as Good as with a Stay-at-Home Mother" in selected countries, by sex, education level, and age -- 1.27 Female labor force participation by region, 1980-2012, ages 15 and above -- 1.28 Male labor force participation by region, 1980-2012, ages 15 and above -- 1.29 Ratio of female to male labor force participation rates by region, 1980-2012, ages 15 and above -- 1.30 Female labor force participation rates in selected Latin America and the Caribbean countries, 1980-2012, ages 15 and above -- 1.31 Relationship between female labor force participation and GDP per capita in Latin America and the Caribbean and the world -- 1.32 Evolution of the relationship between female labor force participation and GDP per capita (constant 2000 US dollars), by region -- 2.1 The rise in female labor force participation has been steep and uninterrupted -- 2.2 Female labor force participation, yearly rate of change, 1960-2010 -- 2.3 The four-decade rise in female labor force participation in Latin America and the Caribbean is comparable to the U.S. rise between 1980 and 1990 -- B2.1.1 Development and female labor force participation in Latin America and the Caribbean -- 2.4 Labor force participation rates grew rapidly for married women -- 2.5 Urban labor force participation rates are higher than rural. 2.6 Evolution of age profiles of single female labor force participation in selected Latin American and Caribbean countries -- 2.7 Evolution of age profiles of married female labor force participation in selected Latin American and Caribbean countries, from 1960 -- 2.8 Cohort profiles of female labor force participation in selected Latin American and Caribbean countries -- 3.1 Decomposition of changes in female labor force participation, women ages 25-55, since the 1960s -- 3.2 Returns of an additional year of education in terms of likelihood of economic participation, by cohort -- 3.3 Returns to educational attainment (whether completed or not) in terms of the likelihood of economic participation, women ages 25-55 -- 3.4 Returns to educational attainment (completed) in terms of the likelihood of economic participation, women ages 25-55 -- 3.5 Family formation and labor force participation, women ages 25-55, marginal effects -- 3.6 Family formation and labor force participation, by education level, women ages 25-55, marginal effects -- 3.7 Labor force participation returns to education, marriage, and fertility, women ages 25-55 -- 3.8 Differences between marginal effects of education on labor force participation between married and single women by education level, women ages 25-55 -- B3.1.1 Decomposition of single and married gap in female labor force participation, 1960s and 2010s -- 3.9 Economic participation returns with respect to urban status, house ownership, and time-saving technology, women ages 25-55 -- 4.1 A test for bilateral symmetry based on comparative advantage statistics -- 5.1 Confidence intervals for the unexplained gender wage gap for different subgroups of the Latin American and Caribbean population, by education, presence of children under six in the household, and employment type. 5.2 Unexplained gender wage gap by wage distribution percentiles in all Latin American and Caribbean countries.
9780821399620
Women employees - Caribbean Area.
Electronic books.
HM821
331.4098
Work and Family : Latin American and Caribbean Women in Search of a New Balance. - 1st ed. - 1 online resource (269 pages) - Latin American Development Forum . - Latin American Development Forum .
Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Overview -- Four decades of important achievements -- New challenges for women and policy makers -- Expanded choice set, emergence of new identities, household dynamics, and new tensions -- Women in search of a balance -- Policy discussion -- Notes -- References -- Introduction: The Household Point of View -- Background -- Labor force participation: From an individual to a collective decision -- Unitary and nonunitary models of the family and implications for women's welfare -- Structure of the report -- Notes -- References -- PART I -- Chapter 1: Trends in Human Capital, Family Formation, Norms, and Female Labor Force Participation -- Introduction -- Education -- Health -- Family formation and family structure -- Social norms -- Female economic participation -- Notes -- References -- PART II -- Chapter 2: The Regional Trend: Two Paths to the Labor Market -- Introduction -- A historical account of women's economic participation -- The relationship between trends in female labor force participation and social norms -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 3: Determinants of Historical Trends: Hints of a "Quiet Revolution -- Introduction -- Education -- Family formation and its relationship to level of education -- Interactions between family formation and education: Single versus married women -- Urbanization, household technology, and sectoral structure of the economy -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 4: Family Structure and Patterns of Duration and Transition across Occupational States -- Introduction -- How men and women differ in their transitional behaviors -- How flows between the informal and formal sectors reflect rationing versus choice -- Evidence across the business cycle. What explains young women's overrepresentation in formal employment? -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 5: Gender Differences in Earnings -- Introduction -- Recent findings on gender wage gaps in Latin America and the Caribbean -- Why is there a wage gap or why should there not be a wage gap? -- Notes -- References -- PART III -- Chapter 6: A Closer Look at Dynamics within the Household -- Introduction -- Intrahousehold allocations: Theory and practice -- How additional control over resources could increase female labor force participation -- Time is money: Competing demands on women's time and economic participation -- Labor market rigidities: Part-time work arrangements and economic participation -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 7: Concluding Remarks -- Introduction -- New challenges for women and policy makers -- A new menu of gender policies and a new focus -- Conclusion -- Note -- References -- Appendix: Background Papers -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Z -- Boxes -- 2.1 Economic development and female labor force participation in Latin America and the Caribbean -- 3.1 The single versus married gap in female labor force participation -- 4.1 Patterns of labor market mobility: Definitions and sample -- 6.1 Compulsory schooling in Colombia -- 6.2 Mexico's child care program to support working mothers (programa estancias infantiles para Apoyar a Madres Trabajadoras) -- Figures -- I.1 Key microsocial determinants of female economic participation -- I.2 Characteristics of unitary and nonunitary models -- 1.1 Latin America and the Caribbean has virtually universal primary enrollment for girls -- 1.2 Latin America and the Caribbean has the narrowest gender gap in primary enrollment. 1.3 The increase in girls' secondary enrollment rates has been greatest in Latin America and the Caribbean -- 1.4 Secondary school enrollment favors girls even more than primary enrollment -- 1.5 Educational attainment and female-to-male completion rates, women ages 25 and older, across regions, 1950-2010 -- 1.6 Girls perform better in reading-boys, in mathematics and science -- 1.7 No unnatural male-female differences at birth in Latin America and the Caribbean -- 1.8 Latin America and the Caribbean has the highest share of women in the population by region, 1960-2012 -- 1.9 Women in Latin America and the Caribbean live longer than men -- 1.10 The gap in life expectancy between women and men has narrowed slightly -- 1.11 Maternal mortality in Latin America and the Caribbean has declined significantly -- 1.12 Maternal mortality has declined at different rates in different regions of Latin America and the Caribbean -- 1.13 Fertility rate is declining in the Latin America and the Caribbean region -- 1.14 Fertility rates declining in countries of Latin America and Caribbean -- 1.15 Age at first child in selected Latin American and Caribbean countries (urban areas), 1985-2012 -- 1.16 Age at first child in selected Latin American and Caribbean countries (rural areas), 1985-2012 -- 1.17 The age at first marriage has been fairly stable for females in Latin America and the Caribbean -- 1.18 Constancy in the mother's age at first child in Latin America and the Caribbean reflects the value of family networks -- 1.19 The proportion of households headed by women is rising in almost all Latin American and Caribbean households -- 1.20 Cultural and social norms, preferences, and economic outcomes -- 1.21 Views on "Men Have More Right to a Job" by sex, generation, and survey wave. 1.22 Views on "Men Make Better Political Leaders" by sex, generation, and survey wave -- 1.23 Share of parliamentary seats held by women -- 1.24 Views on "Men Make Better Executives Than Women Do" in selected countries, by sex, educational level, and age -- 1.25 Views on "Being a Housewife Is Just as Fulfilling as Working for Pay" in selected countries, by sex, age group, and education level -- 1.26 Views on "A Child's Relationship with a Working Mother Is Just as Good as with a Stay-at-Home Mother" in selected countries, by sex, education level, and age -- 1.27 Female labor force participation by region, 1980-2012, ages 15 and above -- 1.28 Male labor force participation by region, 1980-2012, ages 15 and above -- 1.29 Ratio of female to male labor force participation rates by region, 1980-2012, ages 15 and above -- 1.30 Female labor force participation rates in selected Latin America and the Caribbean countries, 1980-2012, ages 15 and above -- 1.31 Relationship between female labor force participation and GDP per capita in Latin America and the Caribbean and the world -- 1.32 Evolution of the relationship between female labor force participation and GDP per capita (constant 2000 US dollars), by region -- 2.1 The rise in female labor force participation has been steep and uninterrupted -- 2.2 Female labor force participation, yearly rate of change, 1960-2010 -- 2.3 The four-decade rise in female labor force participation in Latin America and the Caribbean is comparable to the U.S. rise between 1980 and 1990 -- B2.1.1 Development and female labor force participation in Latin America and the Caribbean -- 2.4 Labor force participation rates grew rapidly for married women -- 2.5 Urban labor force participation rates are higher than rural. 2.6 Evolution of age profiles of single female labor force participation in selected Latin American and Caribbean countries -- 2.7 Evolution of age profiles of married female labor force participation in selected Latin American and Caribbean countries, from 1960 -- 2.8 Cohort profiles of female labor force participation in selected Latin American and Caribbean countries -- 3.1 Decomposition of changes in female labor force participation, women ages 25-55, since the 1960s -- 3.2 Returns of an additional year of education in terms of likelihood of economic participation, by cohort -- 3.3 Returns to educational attainment (whether completed or not) in terms of the likelihood of economic participation, women ages 25-55 -- 3.4 Returns to educational attainment (completed) in terms of the likelihood of economic participation, women ages 25-55 -- 3.5 Family formation and labor force participation, women ages 25-55, marginal effects -- 3.6 Family formation and labor force participation, by education level, women ages 25-55, marginal effects -- 3.7 Labor force participation returns to education, marriage, and fertility, women ages 25-55 -- 3.8 Differences between marginal effects of education on labor force participation between married and single women by education level, women ages 25-55 -- B3.1.1 Decomposition of single and married gap in female labor force participation, 1960s and 2010s -- 3.9 Economic participation returns with respect to urban status, house ownership, and time-saving technology, women ages 25-55 -- 4.1 A test for bilateral symmetry based on comparative advantage statistics -- 5.1 Confidence intervals for the unexplained gender wage gap for different subgroups of the Latin American and Caribbean population, by education, presence of children under six in the household, and employment type. 5.2 Unexplained gender wage gap by wage distribution percentiles in all Latin American and Caribbean countries.
9780821399620
Women employees - Caribbean Area.
Electronic books.
HM821
331.4098