Constitutional Interpretation : Illusion and Reality.

Cover -- CONSTITUTIONAL INTERPRETATION -- Contents -- Preface -- Introduction -- NOTES -- Chapter 1 Constitutional Creativity -- THE HISTORIC FOUNDATION OF CONSTITUTIONAL CREATIVITY -- THE THEORETICAL FOUNDATION OF CONSTITUTIONAL CREATIVITY -- The Text of the Document -- The Intent of the Framers -- The Intent of the Ratifiers -- THE POLITICAL FOUNDATION OF CONSTITUTIONAL CREATIVITY -- CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- Chapter 2 Formalism v. Realism -- THE NATURE OF CATEGORIZATION -- THE CATEGORICAL ILLUSION -- THE NATURE OF BALANCING -- SOME COMPARATIVE OBSERVATIONS ABOUT CATEGORIZATION AND BALANCING -- CATEGORICAL BALANCING -- THE NECESSITY OF BALANCING -- Alternatives to Balancing -- Precedent -- Original Intent -- History -- Constitutional Purpose -- United States Steel Corp. v. Multistate Tax Commission -- A Last Grasp at an Alternative to Balancing -- CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- Chapter 3 The Levels of Scrutiny -- MINIMAL SCRUTINY -- UPGRADING MINIMAL SCRUTINY -- STRICT SCRUTINY -- INTERMEDIATE SCRUTINY -- REHNQUIST AND SCALIA: FORAYS INTO WEAKENING INTERMEDIATE SCRUTINY -- JUSTICE MARSHALL'S SLIDING SCALE OF SCRUTINY -- FLAWS IN THE MULTI-TIER SYSTEM -- Rigidity -- Inhibition of Analysis -- Internal Inconsistency -- RESTRUCTURING THE SYSTEM -- CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- Chapter 4 Constitutional Fact: The Perception of Reality by the Supreme Court -- THE MANIPULATION OF CONSTITUTIONAL FACT -- THE MANIPULATION OF CONSTITUTIONAL FACT AND THE LEVELS OF SCRUTINY -- The Levels of Scrutiny -- Heightened Scrutiny of Constitutional Fact -- Minimal Scrutiny of Constitutional Fact -- CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- Chapter 5 The Puzzle of Legislative Motive -- THE TAINTED HERITAGE OF ASSESSING LEGISLATIVE MOTIVE -- WHY LEGISLATIVE MOTIVE SUPPOSEDLY IS IRRELEVANT -- Difficulty -- Futility -- Judicial Restraint -- Necessary Extent of Illicit Motive -- WHY SHOULD MOTIVE MATTER?.

WHEN LEGISLATIVE MOTIVE IS RELEVANT -- The Religion Clauses -- Freedom of Speech -- Laws Motivated by a Bare Desire to Harm -- Discriminatory Impact -- ASCERTAINING PUBLIC MOTIVE-THE INITIATIVE AND REFERENDUM -- CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- Chapter 6 Case Study: The Theory of Low-Value Speech -- DEVELOPMENT OF THE LOW-VALUE SPEECH THEORY -- Fighting Words -- Obscenity -- Child Pornography -- Sexually Explicit Expression -- Profanity -- Libel -- Commercial Speech -- PROPOSALS TO ADD NEW VARIETIES OF LOW-VALUE SPEECH -- Pornography -- Hate Speech -- Tolerating Loathsome Speech -- HOW HIGH-VALUE AND LOW-VALUE SPEECH ARE TREATED -- Levels of Scrutiny -- Approaches -- Rules -- DETERMINING THE VALUE OF SPEECH -- THE BASIC VALIDITY OF THE LOW-VALUE SPEECH THEORY -- THE LOW-VALUE SPEECH THEORY AND THE TECHNIQUE OF CATEGORIZATION -- The Practice of Categorization -- The Basis of Categorization -- CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- Chapter 7 The Vicissitudes of the Fourteenth Amendment -- THE DISCARDED CLAUSE: PRIVILEGES OR IMMUNITIES -- THE SUBSTITUTE CLAUSE: DUE PROCESS OF LAW -- THE LAST REFUGE: EQUAL PROTECTION OF THE LAWS -- Classifications -- Fundamental Rights -- CONCLUSION: A SURPRISING REVIVAL -- NOTES -- Table of Cases -- Index -- About the Author.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.