The Auditory System : Anatomy, Physiology, and Clinical Correlates, Second Edition.

Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- Contributors -- 1 Overview of the Anatomy and Physiology of the Auditory System -- Introduction to the Auditory System -- The Peripheral Auditory System -- External and Middle Ear -- The Cochlea -- The Auditory Nerve -- The Central Auditory System -- The Cochlear Nucleus -- The Superior Olivary Complex -- The Lateral Lemniscus -- Inferior Colliculus -- The Medial Geniculate Body and Auditory Thalamus -- Auditory Cortex and Subcortex -- The Corpus Callosum -- Vascular Anatomy and Related Functions -- Vascular Anatomy of the Peripheral System -- Vascular Anatomy of the Central Auditory System -- The Efferent System -- The Caudal and Rostral Systems -- Neurotransmission in the Auditory System -- Normal Development, Compensatory Plasticity, and Aging Effects -- Summary -- 2 The External Ear: Its Structure and Function -- Introduction -- Anatomy -- Pinna (Auricle) -- External Auditory Meatus (Ear Canal) -- Functions of the Outer Ear -- Pinna (Auricle) -- External Auditory Meatus (Ear Canal) -- Directional Effects -- Combined Effects of the Head and Torso and Outer Ear on Pressure Gain -- Summary -- 3 Anatomy and Physiology of the Middle Ear -- Introduction -- Anatomy -- Middle Ear Space (Middle Ear Cavity) -- Tympanic Membrane (Eardrum) -- Ossicular Chain -- Support for the Ossicular Chain -- Eustachian (Auditory) Tube -- Middle Ear Muscles -- Functions of the Middle Ear -- Acoustic Impedance -- Middle Ear Space -- Combined Effects of the Outer Ear and Middle Ear on Sound Transmission -- Tympanic Membrane (Eardrum) -- Ossicular Chain -- Eustachian Tube -- The Middle Ear Transformer -- Bone-Conduction Mechanisms -- Summary -- 4 Functional Anatomy of the Cochlea -- Introduction -- Overview of the Temporal Bone -- Osseous (Bony) Cochlea -- Membranous Cochlea and Related Structures.

Scalae and Cochlear Fluids -- Basilar and Reissner's Membranes -- Organ of Corti -- Tectorial Membrane -- Reticular Lamina -- Lateral Wall of Cochlear Duct -- Hair Cells -- Supporting Cells -- Summary -- 5 Cochlear Physiology I: Mostly Mechanics -- Introduction -- The Traveling Wave (TW) -- Frequency and Intensity Representation -- Nonlinearity -- Hair Cell Mechanics -- Summary -- 6 Cochlear Physiology II: Mostly Electrophysiology -- Introduction -- Cochlear Organization -- Fluid Compartments -- Cochlear Duct and Organ of Corti -- Sensory Hair Cells -- Stria Vascularis: I on Pumps and Potassium Recycling -- Hair Cell Transduction -- Channel Selectivity -- Gross Cochlear Potentials -- Endocochlear Potential -- Cochlear Microphonic Potential -- Summating Potential -- Compound Action Potential -- Hair Cell Receptor Potentials -- Basal Turn IHC Receptor Potential -- Basal Turn OHC Receptor Potential -- Apical Turn IHCs and OHCs -- Hair Cell Tuning -- Hair Cell Input/Output Functions -- Efferent Stimulation -- Outer Hair Cell Function -- Electromotility -- Electromotility Motor and Prestin -- Otoacoustic Emissions -- Transient Otoacoustic Emissions -- Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions -- Spontaneous Otoacoustic Emissions -- Electrically Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions -- Prestin, DPOAEs, and ABR Thresholds -- Summary -- 7 Structure and Function of the Auditory Nerve -- Introduction -- Anatomy of the Auditory Nerve -- Physiology of the Auditory Nerve -- Fundamental Considerations -- Frequency Coding of Tones -- Frequency Coding of Complex Sounds -- Two-Tone Inhibition -- The Effect of Intensity on Frequency Coding -- Intensity Coding -- Firing Pattern and Adaptation -- Evoked Potentials and the Auditory Nerve -- Latency-Intensity Functions -- Conduction Velocity of the Auditory Nerve -- Neurotransmitters -- Summary.

8 The First Central Auditory Structure: The Cochlear Nucleus -- Introduction -- Anatomy of the Cochlear Nucleus -- General Aspects -- Inputs to the Cochlear Nucleus -- Cell Types -- Physiology of the Cochlear Nucleus -- Acoustic Responses of Cell Types -- Frequency Representation -- Intensity Coding -- Temporal Functions -- Speech Signals -- Binaural Processes -- Evoked Potentials -- Output of the Cochlear Nucleus -- Neurotransmitters in the Cochlear Nucleus -- The Acoustic Startle Reflex and the Cochlear Nucleus -- Summary -- 9 Superior Olivary Complex -- Introduction -- Anatomy of the Superior Olivary Complex -- General Aspects -- Neural Inputs to the Superior Olivary Complex -- Related Anatomy -- Cell Types -- Tonotopic Organization -- Projections from the Superior Olivary Complex -- Physiology of the Superior Olivary Complex -- Interaural Interaction, Localization, and Lateralization -- The ABR and the Superior Olivary Complex -- Binaural Interaction Components of the ABR: Relationships to the SOC -- Tuning Curves and Cell Response Types in the Superior Olivary Complex -- Intensity Coding at the Superior Olivary Complex -- Interaural Timing and the Superior Olivary Complex -- Neurotransmitters in the Superior Olivary Complex -- The Acoustic Reflex -- Anatomy of the Acoustic Reflex Arc -- Physiology of the Acoustic Reflex -- Laterality of the Acoustic Reflex -- Intensity and the Acoustic Reflex -- Latency of the Acoustic Reflex -- Summary -- 10 The Lateral Lemniscus and Inferior Colliculus -- Introduction -- Anatomy of the Lateral Lemniscus -- Cell Types -- Physiology of the Lateral Lemniscus -- Cell Discharge Patterns -- Tonotopic Organization -- Temporal and Binaural Aspects -- Neurotransmitters -- Role of the Lateral Lemniscus in the ABR -- Anatomy of the Inferior Colliculus -- Afferent Inputs -- Output of the Inferior Colliculus -- Cell Types.

Physiology of the Inferior Colliculus -- Tonotopicity and Frequency Characteristics -- Intensity Coding -- Temporal Processes and Amplitude Modulation -- Binaural Activity and Sound Localization -- Neurotransmitters of the Inferior Colliculus -- Summary -- 11 The Medial Geniculate Body and Auditory Thalamus -- Introduction -- Anatomy of the Medial Geniculate Body and the Auditory Thalamus -- Neural Inputs -- Neural Outputs -- Cell Types -- Physiology of the Medial Geniculate Body and the Auditory Thalamus -- Frequency Information -- Intensity Aspects -- Temporal Responses -- Binaural Coding -- Comparison of Selected Physiologic Properties of the Main Divisions of the MGB -- Pathological Aspects -- Neurotransmitters -- Summary -- 12 The Auditory Cortex and Subcortex -- Introduction -- Anatomy of the Auditory Cortex and Subcortex -- Inputs to the Auditory Cortex and Subcortex -- Auditory Cortex Location -- The "Core-Belt" Concept -- Intrahemispheric Connections of the Primary Auditory Cortex -- Insula -- Supramarginal Gyrus and Angular Gyrus -- Physiology of the Auditory Cortex and Subcortex -- Frequency Coding in the Auditory Cortex -- Insula Tonotopicity -- Tuning Curves in the Auditory Cortex -- Intensity Coding and the Auditory Cortex -- Modulated Signals (FM and AM) -- Temporal Aspects of the Auditory Cortex -- Speech and Complex Stimuli -- Auditory Cortex and Hearing in Noise -- Effects of Exposure to Long-Duration Noise at Comfortable Listening Levels on the Auditory Cortex -- Binaural Interactions and the Auditory Cortex -- Evoked Potentials -- Ablation Studies of the Auditory Cortex -- Cryoloop Cooling Studies -- Functional Imaging and the Auditory Cortex -- Neurotransmitters of the Auditory Cortex -- Summary -- 13 The Corpus Callosum and Auditory InterhemisphericFunction -- Introduction.

Anatomy of the Corpus Callosum and Interhemispheric Neural Pathways -- Maturation, Age, and Gender Effects on Corpus Callosum Anatomy -- Physiology of the Corpus Callosum and Interhemispheric Neural Pathways -- Maturation and Age Effects on Callosal Transfer Time -- Human Psychophysics and Function of the Corpus Callosum -- Anterior Commissure -- Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum -- Summary -- 14 Vascular Anatomy of the Auditory System -- Introduction -- Vascular Anatomy of the Auditory Periphery -- The Outer Ear and the Middle Ear -- The Cochlea and the Auditory Nerve -- Vascular Anatomy of the Central Auditory System -- Summary -- 15 The Efferent System -- Introduction -- Overview of the Efferent System -- The Rostral Efferent System -- Anatomy of the Rostral Efferent System -- Physiology of the Rostral Efferent System -- The Caudal Efferent System -- Anatomy of the Caudal Efferent System -- Physiology of the Caudal Efferent System -- Summary -- 16 Normal Development, Auditory System Plasticity, and Aging Effects -- Development of the Auditory System -- Introduction -- Anatomical and Physiological Aspects of Auditory Development -- Behavioral Auditory Correlates to the Development of the Auditory System -- Auditory System Plasticity -- Introduction -- Auditory Deprivation: Brainstem -- Auditory Deprivation: Cortex -- Auditory Stimulation/Training: Brainstem -- Auditory Stimulation/Training: Cortex -- Comments on Mechanisms of Plasticity -- Aging Effects on the Auditory System -- Introduction -- Anatomical and Physiological Aspects of Aging -- Behavioral Auditory Correlates to the Aging of the Auditory System -- Summary -- Glossary -- References -- Index.

This text is designed to provide comprehensive coverage of the anatomy and physiology of the central and peripheral auditory systems. Readers will benefit from the important link between science and clinical practice, with integrated clinical correlates found in each chapter. It is an essential text for graduate programs in audiology and a valuable reference for audiologists at any stage of their career.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.