Mechanical Ventilation in Patient with Respiratory Failure.

Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- About the Author -- Introduction -- 1: Basic Mathematics and Physics -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.1.1 Multiplication and Division -- 1.1.2 Electrical Equation -- 1.2 Data Tables and Graphs -- 1.3 Gas Law -- 1.3.1 Boyle's Law of Gases -- 1.3.2 The Ideal Gas Law -- 1.4 Pressure -- 1.4.1 Pressure Due to Flow Resistance -- 1.5 Flow -- 1.6 Various Inspiratory Flow Pattern -- 1.7 Expiratory Flow -- 1.8 Volume -- 2: Respiratory Anatomy -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Dead Space -- 2.3 Lung Compliance -- 2.4 Control System and Respiratory Anatomy -- 2.5 Spontaneous Inspiration and Expiration in Healthy Human -- 2.6 Inspiration and Expiration of Patient with Mechanical Ventilatory Support -- 2.7 Complete Expiration -- 2.8 Expiration in Mechanical Ventilation: PEEP and Base Flow -- 2.8.1 PEEP (Positive End-Expiratory Pressure: Pressure at the End of Expiration) -- 2.8.2 Base Flow -- 2.9 Incomplete Expiration: Air Trapping and Intrinsic PEEP -- 2.10 Needs of Patient on Mechanical Ventilatory Support -- 3: Mechanical Breath -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Various Types of Breath Delivery Based on Flow Control Target -- 3.2.1 Volume-Controlled Breath Delivery -- 3.2.1.1 Inspiration and Expiration in Volume-Controlled Ventilation -- 3.2.1.2 An example of "High Airway Pressure" Alarm -- 3.2.1.3 An Example of Increased Airway Resistance -- 3.2.1.4 An Example of Increased Airway Pressure Caused by Decreased Lung Compliance -- 3.2.1.5 Volume-Controlled Ventilation and Pressure-Controlled Ventilation Transition -- 3.2.2 Pressure-Controlled Breath Delivery -- 3.2.2.1 Inspiration and Expiration in Pressure-Controlled Ventilation -- 3.2.2.2 An Example of Extended Slope (Pressure Rise Time) Setting -- 3.2.2.3 Airway Resistance and Compliance in Pressure-Controlled Breath.

3.2.2.4 Pressure-Controlled Ventilation and Volume-Controlled Ventilation Transition -- 3.2.3 Pressure Support Breath Delivery -- 3.2.3.1 Inspiration and Expiration on Pressure Support Breath -- 3.2.3.2 Inspiratory Time in Pressure Support Breath -- 3.2.3.3 Deep Breath Effort of Patient in Pressure Support Breath -- 3.2.3.4 Inspiratory Pressure Delivered and Deep Breath Effort of Patient -- 3.3 A Breath Sequence (Initiation, Target, Cycling, and Expiratory Baseline) -- 3.3.1 Breath Initiation (Trigger Variable) -- 3.3.2 Breath Delivery Target -- 3.3.3 Cycling to Expiration (Cycle Variable) -- 3.3.4 Expiration (Baseline Variable) -- 3.4 Type of Breath Based on Breath Initiation Source -- 3.4.1 Mandatory Breath -- 3.4.2 Assisted Breath -- 3.4.3 Spontaneous Breathing -- Reference -- 4: Basic Ventilation Modes -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Fully Controlled and Assist-Controlled Ventilation Modes -- 4.2.1 Fully Controlled Ventilation Mode -- 4.2.2 Assist-Controlled Ventilation Mode -- 4.3 Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV) Mode -- 4.3.1 SIMV Mode -- 4.4 Pressure Support and Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Ventilation Modes -- 4.4.1 Pressure Support Ventilation Mode -- 4.4.2 CPAP Ventilation Mode -- 4.4.2.1 Example of Ventilation Modes Setting -- 5: Overview of Acid-Base Balance, Oxygenation, Ventilation, and Perfusion -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 How the Body Compensates -- 5.2 Oxygenation -- 5.3 Ventilation -- 5.3.1 Effect of Minute Volume in Ventilation -- 5.4 Perfusion and Ventilation/Perfusion Ratio -- 6: Advanced Ventilation Modes -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 BiPAP and APRV and Their Weaning Process -- 6.2.1 BiPAP: Bi-level Positive Airway Pressure -- 6.2.1.1 Weaning of BiPAP: Decreasing Peak Inspiratory Pressure -- 6.2.1.2 Weaning of BiPAP: Increasing Expiratory Time Te (Decreasing RR).

6.2.2 APRV: Airway Pressure Release Ventilation -- 6.2.2.1 Weaning of APRV -- 6.2.2.2 Application of APRV in Patient Without Spontaneous Breath -- 6.3 Dual Control (Within Breath and Breath-to-Breath) Ventilation Modes -- 6.3.1 Within Breath: Volume Control Pressure-Limited Ventilation -- 6.3.2 Within Breath: Pressure Control Volume Guarantee Ventilation (PC VG Within Breath) -- 6.3.3 Within Breath: Pressure Support Volume Guarantee Ventilation (PS VG Within Breath) -- 6.3.4 Breath-to-Breath: Pressure Control with Volume Guarantee -- 6.3.5 Breath-to-Breath: Pressure BiPAP with Volume Guarantee -- 6.3.6 Breath-to-Breath: Pressure Support with Volume Guarantee -- 6.4 Minute Volume Guarantee and Adaptive Support Ventilation Mode -- 6.4.1 Guarantee/Mandatory Minute Volume Ventilation Mode -- 6.4.2 Adaptive Support Ventilation -- 6.4.2.1 Dynamic Adjustment of Lung Protection and Optimal Breath Pattern -- 7: Advanced Ventilation Graph -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Graphical Loops of (Full/Assist) Controlled Breath and Spontaneous Breath -- 7.3 Graphical Loops in Airway Resistance and Lung Compliance Change -- 7.4 Leakage Indication and Upper/Lower Inflection Points on Graphical Loops -- 8: Troubleshooting -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Troubleshooting -- Index.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.