Urban Resilience : A Transformative Approach.

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Systems Resilience, A 30,000 Feet View -- 1 Taxonomy and General Strategies for Resilience -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Taxonomy of Resilience -- 2.1 Type of Shock -- 2.2 Target System -- 2.3 Type of Recovery -- 3 Resilience Strategies -- 3.1 Phase of Concern -- 3.2 Design-Time Strategies -- 3.2.1 Redundancy -- 3.2.2 Diversity -- 3.2.3 Decentralized Resource and Management -- 3.2.4 Risk Transfer -- 3.3 Operation-Time Strategies -- 3.3.1 Training -- 3.3.2 Adaptation (Management Cycle) -- 3.3.3 Efficiency/Stockpiling Resources -- 3.3.4 Controlling Human-Induces Causes -- 3.4 Early-Warning-Time Strategies -- 3.4.1 Prediction -- 3.4.2 Early Action -- 3.5 Emergency-Response-Time Strategies -- 3.5.1 Detection -- 3.5.2 Situational Awareness and Damage Control -- 3.5.3 Policy Switching -- 3.5.4 Empowerment of Field Personnel -- 3.6 Recovery-Time Strategies -- 3.6.1 Optimization of Resource Allocation -- 3.6.2 Altruism -- 3.6.3 Boundary Expansion -- 3.7 Innovation-Time Strategies -- 3.7.1 Archiving and Postmortem -- 3.7.2 R&amp -- D Investment -- 3.7.3 Consensus Building -- 3.8 Meta Strategies -- 4 Resilience Taxonomy and Strategy in Urban Context -- 5 Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Planning Urban Resilience -- 2 Urban Economics Model for Land-Use Planning -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Model Structure -- 3 Creation of Urban Land-Use Scenario for the Year 2050 -- 4 Disaster Risk Resilience: Economic Damages -- 5 Disaster Risk Resilience: Affected People -- 6 Energy Resilience -- 7 CO2 Emissions -- 8 Revegetation -- 9 Urban Climate: Influence on the Urban Heat Island -- 10 Conclusion and Outlook -- References -- 3 Modeling Urban Heatwave Risk in Adelaide, South Australia -- Abstract -- 1 Background -- 2 Heatwave Risk Estimation -- 2.1 Materials and Methods -- 2.1.1 Hazard Estimation.

2.1.2 Vulnerability and Exposure -- 2.1.3 Risk Estimation (Hazard × Vulnerability × Exposure) -- 2.2 Results -- 2.2.1 Hazard Distribution -- 2.2.2 Vulnerability and Exposure -- 2.2.3 Heatwave Risk Estimation -- 3 Greening and Heatwave Risk -- 3.1 Materials and Methods -- 3.2 Results: Effects of Greening on Ambient Temperatures -- 4 Greening Scenario Analysis -- 4.1 Materials and Methods -- 4.1.1 Scenarios -- 4.1.2 Model for Estimating Economic Value of the Greening Scenarios -- 4.2 Results -- 4.2.1 Estimation of WTP -- 4.2.2 Valuation of Greening Scenarios and WTP -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- 4 Flood Risk Management in Cities -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Hedonic Approach -- 2.1 Hedonic Analysis of Flood Risk -- 2.2 Hedonic Models -- 3 Empirical Analysis -- 3.1 Yokohama City -- 3.2 Condominium Data -- 3.3 Explanatory Variables -- 3.4 Results -- 4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 5 Land Use Planning for Depopulating and Aging Society in Japan -- Abstract -- 1 The Changing Planning Context -- 2 Urban Land Use Planning Concept and System in Japan -- 3 Implications from Experiences Abroad-A Brief Literature Review -- 4 The Recent Urban Land Use Planning Practices in Local Governments -- 4.1 Shizuoka City-Sustaining a Mid-Sized Vibrant Regional City -- 4.2 Yokosuka City-Issues of Rapidly Depopulating City in the Edge of Tokyo Metropolitan Region -- 4.3 Suzuka City-Reorganizing a Small Dispersed Automobile City in Nagoya Metropolitan Region -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Responding to Shocks -- 6 Perception-Based Resilience: Accounting for Human Perception in Resilience Thinking with Its Theoretic and Model Bases -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Perception, Behavior, and Social Resilience -- 3 Our Perception-Based Resilience Model and Its Theoretical and Model Bases -- 3.1 Theories and Models.

3.2 Perception-Based Resilience Model -- 4 Case Study: The Thai Flood of 2011 -- 4.1 The Hazard -- 4.2 Twitter Analysis -- 4.3 Finding Traces of Perception-Based Resilience -- 4.3.1 Hazard Appraisal -- 4.3.2 Resilience Appraisal -- 4.3.3 Input Perception -- 4.3.4 Fear or Empathy Leading to Actual Response -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- 7 Resilient Community Clustering: A Graph Theoretical Approach -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Graph Clustering Problem -- 2.1 Graph Model -- 2.2 Constraints for Graph Clustering Problem -- 2.2.1 Cost Function -- 2.2.2 Balancing Constraint -- 3 Solving Graph Clustering Problem -- 3.1 Recursive Coordinate Geometric Bisection (RCB) Algorithm -- 3.2 Extension of the RCB Algorithm -- 3.3 k-Balance Verification Algorithm -- 4 Estimation of Electricity Affordability for Yokohama City -- 5 Evaluation -- 5.1 Partitions with the RCB Algorithm -- 5.2 Comparison of the Number of Divisions and the Cost Ratio -- 5.3 Comparison of Electricity Balance -- 6 Related Work -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- 8 Agent-Based Modeling-A Tool for Urban Resilience Research? -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Agent-Based Modeling for Resilience Research -- 3 Example Case: Agent-Based Modeling of Electricity Sharing -- 3.1 Electricity Sharing Systems as a Way to Increase Resilience -- 3.2 Electricity Sharing in an Agent-Based Model -- 4 Results and Insights from the Simple Model -- 5 Limitations, Challenges and Further Study -- 5.1 Further Study and Model Extensions -- 5.2 Potentials, Challenges and Limitations -- 5.3 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 9 Urban Form and Energy Resilient Strategies: A Case Study of the Manhattan Grid -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature on Resilient Cities -- 3 The Manhattan Grid: From a Non-resilient Form to a Performance-Based Resilient System?.

3.1 The Manhattan Grid as a Generator of Urban Development -- 3.2 Zoning and Setback Controls for Shaping the Urban Street Canyon -- 4 Urban Energy Modeling of the Manhattan Grid: Moving from a Form-Based Width/Height Ratio to a Performance-Based Energy Resiliency Ratio -- 4.1 Urban Energy Modeling -- 4.2 Moving from the Form-Based Width/Height Ratio to the Performance-Based Energy Resilience Ratio -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- 10 Disease Outbreaks: Critical Biological Factors and Control Strategies -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Epidemics and Human History -- 1.2 Pathogens and Transmission Mechanisms -- 2 The 2002-2003 SARS Outbreak: A Modern Urban Epidemic -- 2.1 Key Lessons from the SARS 2003 Crisis -- 3 Theoretical Models of Emerging Infectious Disease -- 3.1 Superspreaders and Outbreaks -- 3.2 Control Measures -- 3.2.1 Infection Incubation and Infectivity -- 3.2.2 Isolation and Quarantine -- 3.3 Evolution of Virulence -- 3.4 Emergence of New Epidemics -- 3.4.1 Source of New Human Pathogens -- 3.4.2 Environmental Factors -- 3.4.3 Biological Factors -- 4 Summary and Conclusions -- 4.1 Likelihood and Severity of Future Epidemics -- 4.2 Rapid Response -- 4.3 Health Care -- 4.4 Interdisciplinary Research and Planning -- 4.5 Personal Liberties and the Common Good -- References -- Measuring Urban Resilience -- 11 Approaches to Measurement of Urban Resilience -- Abstract -- 1 Background -- 1.1 Measurement Necessary for Investment -- 1.2 Operationalization of the Resilience Concept -- 2 Different Urban Resilience Measurement Approaches -- 2.1 Rockefeller: the 100 Recilient Cities Project -- 2.2 Grosvenor Style of Resilience Measurement -- 2.3 Resilience Measurement in New-Zealand -- 2.4 The Global X-Networks Resilience Measurement System -- 2.5 UNDP: City as an Economic System -- 2.6 Resilience Alliance's Measurement Framework -- 3 Results.

References -- 12 Computational Framework of Resilience -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Formalization of an Urban System and Its Past Evolution -- 3 Resilience-Based Performance Metrics: Evaluating a Past Scenario -- 3.1 Cost-Based Performance Metrics -- 3.2 State-Based Performance Metrics -- 4 Performance-Based Competency Metrics: Evaluating the Future -- 5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 13 Urban Resilience Assessment: Multiple Dimensions, Criteria, and Indicators -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Underlying Characteristics of Urban Resilience -- 3 Multiple Dimensions of Urban Resilience -- 3.1 Materials and Environmental Resources -- 3.2 Society and Well-Being -- 3.3 Economy -- 3.4 Built Environment and Infrastructure -- 3.5 Governance and Institutions -- 4 Proposed Resilience Matrices -- 5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Future Challenges -- 14 Bringing People Back In: Crisis Planning and Response Embedded in Social Contexts -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Embeddedness Approach -- 2.1 Cognitive Embeddedness -- 2.2 Cultural Embeddedness -- 2.3 Structural Embeddedness -- 2.4 Political Embeddedness -- 3 Case Studies -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- 15 From Resilience to Transformation Via a Regenerative Sustainability Development Path -- Abstract -- 1 Resilience and Its Skeptics -- 2 Resilience Thinking and the Nature of Restraint in Ecological Versus Political Perspective -- 3 Understanding the Difference that a Development Path Approach Makes -- 4 Transition and Transformation of Development Paths -- 4.1 The Urban Future -- 4.2 The Global Leadership City -- 4.3 The Green City -- 4.4 The Anarchist City -- 4.5 The Urban Commons -- 5 Summarizing the Necessity of Transformative Change and Regenerative Sustainability -- References.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.